This paper presents the historical account of women welfare laws in Pakistan in the light of political-historical events. This article is based on conventional content analysis focusing the women welfare in Pakistan under the different governments. The purpose of this research is to describe the original situations behind the pro-women laws in Pakistan. Present study is comprised of two sections; section-I deals with the pre-independence women legislative frame work while section-II covers with the post-independence women legislative frame work in Pakistan from 1947 to 2010. Under the new born state, first effort was made by promulgating MFLO, 1961 by the state but it could not uplift the status of women in the country. Even women could not get welfare under the banner of “Islamization of laws” in 1979. Again, a state effort was made by promulgating laws under “Women Protection Bill” but despite this promulgation of a number of laws in the present century, much remains to be done for such oppressed group. They are still in social malaise and face poverty, discrimination, violence, and disparity on different grounds. Observing from the historical account, discriminatory welfare measures deny women constitutionally guaranteed parity and protections. Hence; seems to be suppressing women status through anti-welfare steps in Pakistan. Pakistan should repeal all such laws, including the discriminatory legislation, to end the state-certified gender disparity that has destabilized women’s welfare and self-assurance and has promoted violence and intolerance in the country.
The post 9/11 terrorism and subsequent wave of violent extremism has generated a significant interest in the role of religion in both peace and conflict. Religion is a significant part of the lives of a significant majority the global population. This realization has led policy makers to seek ways in which religious leaders can and had impacted the community resilience towards violent extremism. Swat and Dir valleys have seen the brunt of violent extremism in the recent past. This extremism was generated and exploited by a few religiously motivated violent organizations. However, we believe there were religious leaders who opposed this surge of violent extremism in those specific communities. This research aims at finding out whether religious leaders mobilized the communities for countering violent extremism. In order to do that, a quantitative survey was designed whereby a community perception was measured. The data was collected from 180 respondents from both the districts of Dir valley, i.e., lower Dir and upper Dir. Our data shows that religious leaders played some role in building community resilience. In terms of bonding, they played a significant role. In terms of bridging, they also played a significant role. However, in terms of linking, the religious leaders played a little role.
The sustainable development goal of gender balanced economic progress and women empowerment as a whole is not possible without the women participation in Science, Technology and Production. To prepare the mind-set of the masses particularly the youth, electronic media plays a pivotal role as a medium of informal education along with entertainment and cultural depiction of a particular society. It shows the status of various population groups of a society at a particular time especially women. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of NPDEW, 2002 on women status in television dramas. Thus, the main research question was to investigate that how far media is projecting its role in educating the individuals about the importance of shrinking the gender gap and developing the networks of skill development to increase the number of women employment and entrepreneurship. This study was qualitative in nature and direct observation analysis was used. Major derived themes from data were women status shown by Pakistani drama channels, portrayal of women status by dramas after promulgation of NPDEW, 2002 and dramas as a mean of information, education and communication. It was concluded that media remained unsuccessful in projecting expected women status in Pakistan as per NPDEW and still unable to educate the masses about the women issues.
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