In this introduction to the special issue on the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in socioeconomic development, we provide a conceptual framework that considers four dimensions that impact socioeconomic development: policy, business, technology, and society. This framework, which is systematically constructed from reviewing several earlier frameworks but more general in focus, is intended to provide context for the eight papers in this special issue, and also guidance for future-related research.

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This paper describes a procedure that allows small companies to smoothly switch from a traditional costing system to an Activity Based Costing system at low risk and with minimal investment. The paper focuses on any type of small company (less than 100 employees) for which the standard implementation of Activity Based Costing is too expensive and complex.The implementation guide leads a company step-by-step through Cooper's two-stage activity based cost system model. The complete implementation procedure consists of eight major steps. At first, decision-makers choose among three methods, educated guess, systematic appraisal, or actual data collection, for obtaining cost information. At this stage, the decision-makers determine the level of accuracy that is needed and the amount of money to be assigned to this project. Next, the overhead expenses such as administration, rent, utilities, and transportation are compiled into product cost information using newly developed matrices. Using these matrices, cost related calculations are simplified and thus the overhead costs are easily traced to the cost objects in the final step. The easy-of-use of the proposed procedure is illustrated using actual data from a small tool & die manufacturing company.

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