In the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), maintenance of inflammation and the loss of immune tolerance is essential. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a regulatory cytokine with pleiotropic function. TGF-β inhibits differentiation of T helper (Th1, Th2) cells and promotes the development of peripheral Tregs. The aim of our study was to explore the plasma levels of TGF-β and to perform its correlative analyses with peripheral blood biomarkers of systemic inflammation (NLR, PLR, PMR, SII, dNLR) in patients with ITP who did not respond to the first line treatment and had splenectomy as a second line therapy. The concentrations of TGF-β in plasma was quantified using ELISA kits by eBioscience. Statistical analyses was performed using Graph Pad Prism -Mann Whitney U test; for the correlation analyses we used spearman rank correlation by SPSS program. Our study revealed that the level of TGF-β in patients with refractory ITP is significantly diminished compared to the healthy subjects or patients undergoing splenectomy for other reasons than autoimmune or malignant hematological pathologies. There was no correlation observed between the plasma concentrations of TGF-β and the peripheral blood biomarkers of systemic inflammation.
River Adjaristskhali gorge alongside territories are refugium for third moisture Kolkhetian relictic forest eco-systems which was given UNESCO world natural heritage status. At present construction and exploitation of cascade type derivative hydroelectric stations in the gorge creates risk for fragmentation, destroy and losing of natural habitats. Elemental analysis of underground spring water by plasma atomic-emission spectrometry was carried out at Shuakhevi township location.The obtained data were compared with the results of the multi-elemental analysis of the Achariskali River.The basic macro-elements in spring water and river Adjaristskhali are Ca and Mg. in samples of river Adjaristskhali concentrations of P, Fe, Al are beyond MPC which is the verification for their anthropogenic pollutions. Besides such dangerous pollutants as Hg, Li, Pb, Ti is beyond MPC.
Tourism in Georgia is one of the most important sectors of National Economy that severely damaged by COVID-19 pandemic. Adverse epidemiologic circumstances placed the development of tourism business under the threat. As the COVID-19 Pandemic had step-by-step reduced and came to the end the tourism begun to arise. For today the actors of tourism industry should discuss and elaborate the measures to solve the global problems could take place in the future. Today, in the conditions of weakening of COVID-19 pandemic propagation and eliminating some prohibitions for citizens� everyday life and lifestyle, there is a huge amount of delayed demand in tourism. At the same time the fear to the big volumes of people mass tourism, most likely, will become more and more individualized, the popularity of ecological tourism will rise, especially at special protected areas of the country, those also had a great potential of development for our country in pre-pandemic period. The article discusses some problems; those restrain further development of the ecological tourism at special protected areas in Georgia. The Scientific-methodological recommendations were elaborated based on analyze, to help the development the ecological tourism market and solve the problems constrain the development of this type of tourism in Georgia.
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