A 71-year-old asymptomatic female with a history of breast cancer status after right total mastectomy had interval development of several new nodules in the left breast in a 1-year time span. Stereotactic biopsy was performed, which revealed multifocal Rosai Dorfman disease in the left breast. The patient was referred to hematology, and computed tomography of the chest/abdomen/pelvis did not demonstrate any lymphadenopathy elsewhere in the body. This case report discusses incidences of extranodal Rosai Dorfman disease and the differential for breast lesions that can present the same way.
Direct cholangiography (DC) includes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), T-tube cholangiography (TTC), and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC). Radiologists need to understand how each technique is performed and how to interpret each study. In many institutions, radiologists do not interpret ERCPs. Currently, common duct explorations are rarely performed; therefore, radiologists are not interpreting TTCs as frequently as they did in the past. In addition, many institutions are using alternative techniques to replace IOC. Therefore, our radiology residents are not being trained to perform and interpret DC. This presentation describes the important aspects of the performance and interpretation of DC.
Pancreatitis is a major cause of hospital admissions with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Global incidence rates have continued to increase over the last several decades with United States leading the Western world. The most common causes include gallstones for acute pancreatitis and alcohol abuse for both chronic and acute pancreatitis; these are well described in the literature and not infrequently encountered in the day-to-day practice of radiology. Several uncommon pancreatitis causes have unique characteristic patient demographics, clinical presentations, and imaging findings. The unique features relevant to the practice of radiology are discussed for autoimmune pancreatitis, groove pancreatitis, tropical pancreatitis, hereditary pancreatitis, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as acute pancreatitis with companion cases. The differentiating features of these uncommon causes are emphasized to arrive at a diagnosis. Should imaging remain equivocal, the next steps necessary to arrive at a diagnosis are reviewed. Understanding the various presentations of acute and chronic pancreatitis, both uncommon and common causes are of utmost importance for the practicing radiologist in facilitating management of patient care.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.