This research had two objectives: first to explore the opinions of Aceh community, especially those who lived in Gampong (village) area, about the implementation of customary court in Gampong and second to illustrate the dispute resolution models used by the Gampong Customary Court and any considerations underlying its judgment in making decisions. This was a qualitative research, using a socio-legal approach that specifically took place in Lhokseumawe, Northern Aceh, Meulaboh and Tapak Tuan. In addition to literature studies, the data collection was also done through field research. This study concluded that, first, the existence of Gampong customary court is perceived by the society to have an alternative and positive potential as the resolution of minor violations that could be resolved by the community. In addition, the existence of this customary court could reduce the accumulated cases in court as well as could help the community access the protection of their rights. Second, there are two models of dispute resolution in Gampong, namely a simple dispute resolution model with the involvement of Geuchik and the element of Tuha Peut Gampong. Another model is a dispute resolution model that resembles formal trials based on the customary court guidelines issued by Aceh Customary Board.
Talangagung landfill, Malang Regency has used the controlled landfill method. The landfill process produces methane gas that has been flowed as fuel so that it is estimated that there are bacteria with a variety of enzymatic activities that have worked in degrading waste. The purpose of this study was to isolate bacteria from landfill and determine the ability to produce amylase, protease, lipase, and cellulase and test the compatibility of bacteria. The methods used include bacterial isolation using the pour plate method and purification of bacterial isolates using the streak plate method. Bacterial selection is done on selective media containing starch, tributyrin, cellulose, and skim milk. There were 21 bacterial isolates successfully isolated 13 consisting of bacterial isolates showed proteolytic activity, 10 cellulolytic bacteria, 8 amylolytic, and 15 lipolytic. The isolates that show compatible results are BTA 5.7.14, BTA 5.7.7, BTA 5.7.12, and BTA 5.7.6 therefore they can be used as a potential consortium for organic waste recycle.
<p>Southeast Asia is a region that is vulnerable to terrorism. Of the total terrorism cases that occurred in the world, 50 percents occurred in this region. Mindanao is one of the regions in Southeast Asia that since a long time ago has been the basis of world-class terrorism. This situation is getting worse due to the presence of terrorist groups with a strong tradition of maritime piracy. The nexus between terrorism and piracy makes the issue of maritime terrorism in Southeast Asia a regional security concern. Abu Sayyaf Group is a terrorist group in the Southern Philippines that is very well-known but difficult to map. This makes the Abu Sayyaf a source of prolonged tension in the Southern Philippines in particular and in the Southeast Asia region in general. This study is a field observation that uses descriptive analysis to reveal the details of the Abu Sayyaf and the issue of terrorism in Mindanao.</p>
Mindanao is the second largest island in Philippines and one of the three main island groups along with Luzon and Visayas, the South Philippines . Mindanao is one of region in Southeast Asia which has been spectacularly a bright spot of world-class terrorism, because of the very high incidents of piracy and the ever-growing threat of terrorism. Southeast Asia is the region most vulnerable to piracy, accounting for about 50 percent of all attacks worldwide. This situation is exacerbated by the indigenous people of terrorist groups with strong maritime traditions. The nexus exchange between piracy and terrorism makes maritime terrorism in Southeast Asia a regional security concern. The Abu Sayyaf (ASG), Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, GAM), and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) are the three terrorist groups in South Philippines, Southeast Asia with the intent and proven ability to engage in maritime terrorism. Of this group, the Abu Sayyaf is the best known but least understood and it has been source of tension in the South Philippines and Southeast Asia
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