Hierarchical control of chemical reactions is being considered as one of the most ambitious and challenging topics in modern organic chemistry. In this study, we have realized the one-by-one scission of the X-H bonds (X = N and C) of aromatic amines in a controlled fashion on the Cu(111) surface. Each dehydrogenation reaction leads to certain metal-organic supramolecular structures, which were monitored in single-bond resolution via scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the reaction pathways were elucidated from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements and density functional theory calculations. Our insights pave the way for connecting molecules into complex structures in a more reliable and predictable manner, utilizing carefully tuned stepwise on-surface synthesis protocols.

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We report a facile liquid impregnation approach for immobilization of ultrafine bimetallic Ni-Pt nanoparticles (NPs) inside the pores of MIL-101. The methods of powder X-ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy were employed to characterize the NiPt@MIL-101 catalysts and further indicated the as-synthesized Ni-Pt NPs were confined in the pores of MIL-101. These as-synthesized bimetallic NiPt@MIL-101 NPs exhibit exceedingly high catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability toward hydrogen generation from alkaline solution of hydrazine.

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