Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the antihypercholesterolemic effect of Elephantosus scaber on histopatology of Sprague-Dawley rat's aorta with hypercholesterolemia diet model. Design and method: This is an Experimental study with post test only control group design. Twenty-one (21) Sprague-Dawley rats of about 2–3 months old, weighing between 150–200 g body weight, were used for the study with incidental sampling. The rats were divided into three groups (3) of seven animals in each cage. First group (G1) was the normal control administered standard meal. Positive control group (G2) and Treatment group (G3) were administered with high fat diet. Administration of 400 mg/kg body weight of Elephantopus scaber extract was given to the third group in 7–11 weeks after induced by high fat diet. Termination was done after last feed administration. Aorta section was done with Hematoxylin eosin stain. Data analysis used Kruskal-wallis followed by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Proximate measurement was carried out on the Sprague-Dawley rat's aorta section with the following results: wall thickness in normal control group 85.19 ± 8.35 mm; positive control group 95.78 ± 17.64 mm and treatment group 80.50 ± 8.41 mm. Data analysis of Kruskal-Wallis was obtained P = 0.018, a > P. The results obtained from the analysis of Mann-Whitney test are significant difference between normal control group (G1) and positive control group (G2). And non-significant difference between normal control group (G1) and treatment group (G3). Conclusions: Elephantosus scaber extract has antihypercholesterolemic potential effect that could reduce atherosclerosis on histopatology of aorta section in Sprague-Dawley rats with hypercholesterolemia diet model.
Objective: This study was designed to determine the effect of African's leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) extract towards triglyceride level of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with metabolic syndrome model. Design and method: The research was laboratory experimental research using pretest- posttest control group design. It included 30 male Wistar rats that were divided into 5 groups of normal control group (KKn), positive control group (KKp), and treatment groups (KP1, KP2, KP3). KKp, KP1, KP2 and KP3 were metabolic syndrome induced, fed with high fat high fructose diet and were given with STZ- Na injection. KP1, KP2 and KP3 were given treament of ethanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina with dosage 50 mg/KgBW, 100 mg/KgBW, and 150 mg/KgBW respectively. Metabolic syndrome induction were done with high fat high fructose diet for 31 days and injection of STZ-Na on the 28th. Treatment groups got the extract of Vernonia amygdalina for 28 days subsequent to metabolic syndrome induction. The result data of trygliceride level were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey. Results: There was a significant differences of trygliceride level between day 32th and 61st with p = 0.000 (p < 0,05) on all groups. Decreased level of trygliceride were showed the highest on KP3 with mean different value 28,7476 mg/dL, followed by KP1 with 23,7983 mg/dL, and KP2 with 20,8933 mg/dL. Conclusions: Extract of African's leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) has a significant effect of lowering trygliceride level.
Teeth are the first place for food to enter. These foods contain many bacteria, which if left unchecked can be a cause of other more dangerous diseases. In Indonesia, periodontal disease ranks second, which is still a health problem in the community to date. Calculus or tartar is one of the causes of periodontal disease. The main cause is the lack of oral hygiene. This study is expected to be able to find other causes of dental calculus in addition to lack of oral hygiene. This type of research is a verivative study with a retrospective study. Information that researchers got from dentist Ratna was cross checked with patients who had been handled by dentist Ratna. The data obtained is then analyzed. The results showed that the five respondents on average had one factor that caused the calculus mentioned by dentist Ratna. These factors include thick saliva, consumption of sweet foods, and lack of water intake. While stress factors were not found in the five respondents. Suggestions for people are expected to drink more water more often, control the consumption of sweet foods and drinks, and keep and calm the mind to avoid stress.
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