PurposeThe purpose of this study was to ascertain the frequency and risk factors of dry eye (DE) among patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico.MethodsApproximately 338 consecutive new patients attending a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico City underwent an ocular surface examination, which included tear film break-up time, fluorescein corneal staining, Schirmer’s test, and evaluation of meibum quality. Symptoms of DE were evaluated by the Ocular Surface Disease Index and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Information on demographics, exposures, past medical and ocular history, and medications was also collected.ResultsThe frequency of severe DE symptoms was found to be 43% based on the Ocular Surface Disease Index and 30% based on Dry Eye Questionnaire-5. Risk factors significantly associated with increased DE symptoms included dry mouth and gastrointestinal ulcer medications. With regard to signs, aqueous tear deficiency was a less-frequent finding (22%) in our population than evaporative deficiency (94%). Risk factors associated with aqueous tear deficiency were dry mouth and diuretic use. No risk factors were associated with evaporative deficiency. Risk factors associated with meibomian gland dysfunction included old age, male sex, arthritis, and use of an antihypertensive. The only risk factor associated with corneal staining was dry mouth.ConclusionThis is the first study to demonstrate the frequency of symptomatic and clinical DE in a tertiary care ophthalmology center in Mexico. The frequency of DE ranged from 30% using a symptomatic definition to 94% using objective measures. Different risk factors were found for different aspects of DE, suggesting differing underlying pathophysiologies behind different DE subtypes.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% for the treatment of blepharitis due to Demodex infestation compared to vehicle control. Methods: In this phase II, randomized, controlled, double-masked clinical trial, 60 eligible participants with Demodex blepharitis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either topical lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% (Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Irvine, CA) (study group) or the vehicle without lotilaner (control group) bilaterally twice a day for 28 days. Participants were followed at Days 7, 14, 28, 60 and 90. The efficacy parameters were change in collarette grade and Demodex density at Day 28. Safety parameters were adverse events, changes in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Results: The study group showed a statistically significant decrease in collarette grade compared to the control group beginning at Day 14 (p = 0.003) in the upper eyelid and at Day 28 (p = 0.003) in the lower eyelid. Decreases in both lids were maintained through Day 90 (p < 0.001). At Day 28, mite eradication was achieved in 66.7% and 25.9% of eyes in the study and control group (p = 0.005); at Day 90, these proportions were 68.2% and 18.5% (p = 0.001), respectively. No serious adverse events or clinically significant changes in CDVA and IOP were observed. Conclusion: For Demodex blepharitis, treatment with lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% for 4 weeks is safe and effective. The improvement in collarette grade and mite density observed during the treatment period persisted for at least two months following treatment cessation.
Purpose. Evaluate safety and efficacy of topical lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. Patients and Methods. 15 patients with Demodex blepharitis, defined as >10 collarettes on the upper lid, lid margin erythema, and Demodex density of ≥1.5 mites/lash on microscopy, were treated bid for 28 days with lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%. Contact lens wear, artificial eyelashes, and lid structural abnormalities were among the exclusion criteria. No other antibacterial, antiparasitic, or anti-inflammatory treatment or lid hygiene products were permitted. Patients were assessed on Days 7, 14, 28, 60, and 90. Outcome measures were changes in collarette grade and mite density on Day 28. Adverse events and changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were assessed. Results. Mean collarette grade (upper lids) improved from 3.07 ± 0.21 to 0.79 ± 0.19 on Day 28; the change was statistically significant for both upper and lower lids from Day 14 on. Mean mite density per lash decreased from 2.28 ± 0.16 at baseline to 0.14 ± 0.05 at Day 28 p < 0.0001 . Mite eradication (0 mites) was documented in 57.1% of eyes. The effects were durable through Day 90. There were no adverse events and little to no change in CDVA or IOP. The drop was well tolerated, with no discontinuations due to ocular irritation. Conclusion. Topical lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% for 4 weeks, showed promising efficacy for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. This novel treatment appears to be safe and well tolerated. Randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the results.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, in patients with Demodex blepharitis. Methods: Eighteen adults with Demodex blepharitis, defined as >10 collarettes on the upper lid and/or mite density of ‡1.5 mites per lash (upper and lower), were treated bid for 42 days with the topical lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%. Contact lens wear, artificial eyelashes, and lid structural abnormalities were among the exclusion criteria. No other antibacterial, antiparasitic, or anti-inflammatory treatment or lid hygiene products were permitted. One eye of each patient was selected for analysis and assessed on day 7, 14, 28, and 42. Collarettes were graded at each visit, and mite density was evaluated by microscopy at each visit except day 7. Outcome measures were collarette elimination (£2 lashes with collarettes) and mite eradication (0 mites). Drop tolerability, adverse events, visual acuity, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were assessed. Results: Collarette elimination was achieved in 13/18 participants (72.2%) by day 42. Mean collarette grade (upper lid) declined from 3.56 -0.17 to 0.28 -0.11. Mite eradication was achieved in 14/18 participants (77.8%) by day 42. Mean mite density decreased from 2.63 -0.39 to 0.12 -0.08 mites/lash. Participants reported good tolerability. Adverse events were mild and transient and did not result in treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: Six weeks of at-home topical therapy with the lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, was effective in eliminating the most common objective signs of Demodex blepharitis, with a collarette elimination rate of 72% and mite eradication in 78% of eyes by day 42. ISRCTN registration #: 24398865
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.