Aging of population has increased in most developed countries. In year 2030, the aging population in Malaysia will reach 15% of the population. This situation contributes to the increasing number of older drivers on the road. Thus, it is important to identify the needs and safety aspects of driving among the elderly. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of basic driving skills among older drivers and their driving behavior. An instrument adapted from Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) was used to collect survey data. A total of 240 car drivers aged 50 years and above completed the questionnaire. For observation data, 150 respondents were chosen in order to observe their driving skills especially at intersections and parking areas. A Correlation analysis and Chi-Square test were performed to study the relationship between their age and driving skills. Results showed majority of the respondents demonstrated that they had knowledge of basic driving skills. Observation study at parking areas showed that selection of parking space, in and out parking skills, time taken to park, vehicle position and number of passengers were significant towards gender. While, observation at intersections showed that only vehicle distance was significant towards gender. Three variables (the older drivers being comfortable driving on the left lane, older drivers were often honked during driving and older drivers being slow responding to hazards such as pedestrians at the crossing) were correlated and significant at p<0.05. This study recommended providing older drivers with priority lanes, special parking areas and car sticker tagging "older driver" in addition to supervising their licenses, conducting driving class sessions and undergoing medical examination for them.
Abstract.Motorcycle is one of private transportation which has been widely used in many countries including Malaysia. However, motorcycles are the most dangerous form of motorized transport. Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM) statistics recorded that motorcycle is the highest vehicle (45.9%) involved in traffic accident compared to other vehicles. The potential cause of the death to the motorcyclist was due to the head injury. One of strategy to mitigate this problem is through proper usage of safety helmet. Therefore, this paper was introduce a new approach on motorcyclist safety by using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with additional determinants that contribute to behavioral intention and to increase the proper usage of safety helmets among Malaysian motorcyclists. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the structural TAM proposed. The evaluation for structural model showed the goodness of fit indices are excellent fit. This study found that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and social norm are significant towards behavioral intention to use Safety Helmet Reminder System (SHR).
This study purposes a new innovation design for the construction of road divider that more sustainable and greener which is eco-friendly. It was conducted to modify the material used on the road divider, so that the suitability of the material can reduce the impact of the vehicle during road accident. Objective of this study is to test and design greener sustainable materials as a road median component. Besides, the study is to determine the suitability and characteristics of materials for road median. Materials used in this study are gunny sacks filled with sand, laterite soil, soft turfing (cow and pearl grass) and used tire as a cushion effect. Based on experiment testing, sieve analysis result showed that river sand is a good grade sand and suitable for road median. While, direct shear test showed sand and soil used for this study are suitable because there have a high shear strength. For grass observation, cow grass is suitable compare pearl grass in term of growth rate, maintenance cost, durability on sunlight exposure and weather in Malaysia. The load applied for conducting impact test on the sand sack were 14.08N 25.6N 44.8N. The initial damage occurred when a force reaches at 44.8N. However, the condition of the arrangement of sand sack is still stable. In conclusion, this new innovation of green and sustainable road divider has high potential in absorbing the impact of accidents.
Motorcycle is a common transport use in Malaysia compared to other transportation such as car. However, every year motorcyclist is the highest contributors towards road death accident statistic. This paper presents a new intervention to enhance the safety of motorcyclist regarding head injuries issue. A new approach called conceptual design of Safety Helmet Reminder (SHR) system is proposed. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is adopted to predict behavioral intention to use SHR among motorcyclists. The self- administered questionnaires were distributed among 300 motorcyclists as respondent in Batu Pahat, Johor. The data were analyzed using a correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results show that all variables are highly correlated, positive linear relationship and significantly at 0.01 (p<0.01). In addition, the hierarchical multiple regression demonstrates perceived ease of use, behavioral intention to use SHR and additional variables (perceived safety, subjective norm and descriptive norm) are found significant (p<0.05). As a conclusion, perceived safety, subjective norm, descriptive norm, perceived ease of use and behavioral intention to use technology remained a significant predictor of helmet use. However, perceived usefulness and attitude toward using technology were not significant in predicting helmet use among motorcyclist.
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