Background The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is postulated to have the highest increase in the prevalence of diabetes by 2030; however, studies on the epidemiology of diabetes are rather limited across the region, including in Iran. Methods This study was conducted between 2016 and 2018 among Iranian adults aged 20 to 65 years residing in Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. Diabetes was defined as the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of 126 mg/dl or higher, and/or taking antidiabetic medications, and/or self-declared diabetes. Prediabetes was defined as FBG 100 to 125 mg/dl. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association of multiple risk factors that attained significance on the outcome. Results Overall, 30,498 participants were recruited; the mean (±SD) age was 41.6 (±11.9) years. The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes were 30.8 and 15.3%, respectively. We found a similar prevalence of diabetes in both sexes, although it was higher among illiterates, urban residents, married people, and smokers. Participants aged 50–65 and those with Body Mass Index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 or higher were more likely to be affected by diabetes [RR: 20.5 (18.1,23.3) and 3.2 (3.0,3.6)]. Hypertension [RR: 5.1 (4.7,5.5)], waist circumference (WC) equal or more than 90 cm [RR: 3.6 (3.3,3.9)], and family history [RR: 2.3 (2.2,2.5)] were also significantly associated with diabetes. For prediabetes, the main risk factors were age 50 to 65 years [RR: 2.6 (2.4,2.8)], BMI 30 kg/m2 or higher [RR: 1.9 (1.8,2.0)], hypertension and WC of 90 cm or higher [RR: 1.7 (1.6,1.8)]. The adjusted relative risks for all variables were higher in females than males, with the exception of family history for both conditions and waist circumference for prediabetes. Conclusions Prediabetes and diabetes are prevalent in southwestern Iran. The major determinants are older age, obesity, and the presence of hypertension. Further interventions are required to escalate diabetes prevention and diagnosis in high-risk areas across Iran.

Introduction: Over the past decades prevalence of diabetes has increased in Iran and other countries. This study aimed to update the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in Iran and to determine associated sociodemographic risk factors, as well as diabetes awareness and control. Methods: This is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey that included 163,770 Iranian adults aged 35-70 years, from different ethnic backgrounds, between 2014 and 2020. Diabetes was diagnosed at fasting blood sugar Mohammad E. Khamseh and Sadaf G. Sepanlou have contributed equally to this manuscript as co-first authors.

No abstract

Background should be susp prevalence of A Methods: Th 10 μg/dl or tho used for compa The P-value <0 Results: AI w sepsis, severe s 3+ (OR (95% C Conclusion: high levels of C

No abstract

Study aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 10-week of combined training course on concentrations of blood sugar, Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profile in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Materials and methods: This clinical trial was performed in diabetic neuropathy women and men (30–60 years old). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: exercise (EG; n = 10) and control (CG; n = 10). The EG performed 10-week programme with one session of aerobic exercises (40% to 70% of HRReserve) and one session of functional exercises (60–90 min/ day) at the same day for four days/week and the CG performed their daily activities. The Blood glucose, IR, and lipid profile were measured initially and after the intervention. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant decrease in fasting blood sugar (p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (p < 0.01), and greater improvements in TG (p < 0.05) and LDL (p < 0.05) in EG than CG, but. HDL concentration did not show significant changes. Conclusion: The 10-week of aerobic-functional training improves fasting blood sugar, IR, and lipid profile in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

Objective There are limited data regarding the impact of comorbidities on hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Iran. Methods We evaluated the risk of serious adverse outcomes in 1368 Iranian COVID-19 patients, admitted to five academic hospitals in Tehran between February-June 2020. The composite end-points were defined as admission to an intensive care unit, invasive ventilation, or death. The Cox proportional survival model determined the potential comorbidities associated with death. Results Overall, 576 patients (42.3%) reached the composite end-point (280 death). Adjusted for age, sex, duration of hospitalization, and the presence of the other comorbidities, patients with diabetes (RR=1.25, 95%CI; 1.08-1.44), heart failure (RR=1.45, 95%CI; 1.10-1.91), chronic kidney disease (RR=1.32, 95%CI; 1.04-1.67), malignancy (RR=1.79, 95%CI; 1.41-2.28), and lung diseases (RR=1.53, 95%CI; 1.27-1.84) were more likely to reach the composite end-point than those without the very comorbidity. Moreover, patients aged less than 65 years had a greater risk of death in the presence of two (HR=2.68, 95%CI; 1.46-4.95, p=0.002) or more (HR=3.47, 95%CI; 1.69-7.12, p=0.001) comorbidities, compared to those without any comorbidity. Conclusion To conclude, having two or more comorbidities in patients less than 65 years is associated with a greater risk of death during hospitalization.

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for hospital beds has exceeded substantially. Thus, we aimed to conduct this study to identify factors associated with the risk of readmission in order to introduce the best discharge plan for patients with high risk of hospital readmission. Method: This is a multicenter, case-control study included 1357 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Age-sex-matched case and control groups were paired at 1:2 ratios. COVID-19 readmission rate was assessed. Moreover, Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors associated with readmission. Results: Of the 1357 patients, 99 (7.29%) subjects were readmitted. The most common cause of readmission was respiratory distress. The median (IQR) of the interval between hospital discharge and the second admission was 5 (2-16) days. Upon adjusting with the main risk factors, having at least one underlying disease and being treated with the corticosteroid (GC) were significantly associated with a higher rate of readmission (OR: 2.76, 95% CI :1.30- 5.87) and (OR:8.24, 95% CI :3.72- 18.22), respectively.Conclusion: Identification of Risk factors of COVID 19 readmission will improve resource utilization and patient care.