We report here the draft genome of Bacillus altitudinis strain PAE4, a thermophilic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium isolated from the coastal ridge of the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt. Besides heat shock protein genes, several genes encoding phytobeneficial properties were identified.
Egyptian Journal of Botany http://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/ 22 R EVERSE genetic approach was used to isolate and characterize Medicago truncatula containing "knockout" mutations in gene involved in nodulation process and in many other physiological processes. More than 60 Tnt1-Flanking sequence tags (FSTs) ranging from ~70bp to ~600bp were isolated, sequenced and submitted to Genebank referring for akt1 mutant characterization. The proper Tnt1-insertion was mapped in chromosome number 8 of Medicago truncatula genome. It was precisely identified upstream the base number 141 and downstream of the ATG start codon of Medicago truncatula potassium channel AKT1 gene (MtAKT1). MtAKT1 gene encodes inwardly rectifying potassium channel was isolated, sequenced, and submitted to Genebank with accession number MN649185.1 .M. truncatula akt1 mutant is achieving higher number of deformed root nodules and shorter root length compared to wild type. akt1 nodules exhibited reduced size occupied with un-differentiated cells and abnormalities in symbiotic nodule zones. Non-functional nitrogen fixation zone and compacted infection zone were observed as well. AKT1 null mutant exhibits attenuation in its ability to maintain the proper K + and Na + ions content in akt1 seedlings which is 2-3 fold less than wild type seedlings,. In contrast, akt1 seedlings showed three-fold increase in Ca ++ ion concentration compared to wild type.In conclusion Medicago truncatula mutant, akt1 is Tnt1-retrotransposon mutant impaired in inwardly rectifying potassium channel AKT1. As the first reported AKT1 null mutant was isolated from legume plants, this mutant is displaying abnormalities in nitrogen fixation organ and affecting ions uptake.
Posing a great potential of utilizing Plant Growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a promising alternative to alleviate salinity. Purpose: The aim of the current work is to illustrates the mechanistic basis of PGPRs-triggered salinity tolerance in wheat crops. Methods: Two experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 2021-2022, to evaluate the interaction between wheat plant var.Misr1 and two bacterial strains as PGPR namely, Azospirillum brasilense NO40 and Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ). One experiment were done in the Laboratory and the second was in the greenhouse. In the laboratory, the staining technique utilizing a spermosphere model was employed in order to detect the colonization efficiency of applied bacteria on wheat seedling roots under sterilized and saline conditions. Results: The date showed the red color of the wheat seedling roots that resulted from the reduction of 2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to triphenyl formazan (TPF). Intensity of the red color increased as follow; wheat seedling roots inoculated with mixture of A. brasilense and Bt oculated with A. brasilense that inoculated with Bt . The interaction between wheat seedlings and the PGPR that were used in this work was followed up with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The greenhouse experiment was conducted on saline soil from Sahl Elhosynia, north of Egypt, to evaluate the effect of these inoculation on growth, photosynthetic pigments and capacity, proline, dry weight of shoots and roots, some antioxidant and rhizosphere enzymatic activities. That data showed increase in all of that parameters in the wheat seedlings that inoculated with mixture of A, brasilense and Bt followed by that inoculated with A. brasilense alone, then by that inoculated with Bt . In conclusion: our bacterial strains that used in this work as inoculums for wheat plants under saline conditions could alleviate the salt stress in wheat saline soils. The mixture of the two strains A. brasilense and Bt gave the best results. Thus, we can apply this Mix in open field experiment to confirm this data.
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