Background Laser acupuncture is one of the complementary modalities used for treating osteoarthritis. The study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of laser acupuncture in the treatment of grade 2 knee osteoarthritis. Patients and methods Forty patients having bilateral knee osteoarthritis were divided into two groups (20 patients in each group). The patients of the first group were subjected to 12 laser sessions at the following acupoints (St 35, St36, Sp9, Sp10 and Gb 34). During each session, laser of 90 mw was directed to each acupoint for 1 min giving energy of 5.4 joules. Energy of 21.6 joules was directed to ashi points. The laser had a wavelength of 808 nm, beam diameter 2 mm and was applied with a continuous wave. The cases of the second group were used as controls. Each patient is exposed to sham laser (laser probe is directed to the same acupoints while the device is off). Results The 20 patients receiving laser showed significant improvement in pain on (VAS), increase in serum beta-endorphin and a decrease in substance P more than those exposed to sham laser. Conclusions Laser acupuncture is a safe and cheap tool for management of grade 2 knee osteoarthritis.
This investigation was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, National Research Centre, El-Nubaria, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2020 and 2021. The layout of the study was complete randomized blocks in three replicates. The experiment aimed to compare the chelated boron on humic and fulvic acids, extracted in the laboratory from compost, with the commercial one, in addition to investigate their foliar spraying effects at different rates (2, 3 and 4 ml L -1 ) on plant growth, productivity and quality of potato. Results showed that no significant differences were detected between chelated boron prepared in the laboratory and the commercial compound in their effects on the growth of potato plants as well as yield and its attributes however, the best results were obtained by 4 ml L -1 . Concerning starch, protein, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and boron contents, the highest values were recorded as a result of spraying the plants by 4 ml L -1 for all studied boron types. In contrast, boron had no effect on chlorophyll content in potato leaves for all used treatments. It could be concluded that chelated boron at 4 ml L -1 was effective for enhancing potato growth, production as well as improving its quality, regardless the source of used boron.
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