Wheat germ oilOxidative stress Estrogen Rats a b s t r a c tThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium nitrate administration on some biochemical parameters and to explore the ability of Wheat germ oil (WGO) as a natural source of antioxidants to minimize the deleterious effects of sodium nitrate.The results showed significant increase in alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and significant decrease in butyryl cholinestersea (BChE) content in hepatic tissue in nitrate group as compared to control and wheat germ oil groups through the experimental period. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) accompanied by significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content in rat renal tissue after 28 and 42 days of treatment with drinking water containing sodium nitrate. Significant decrease was also observed in serum estradiol (E2) in group treated with nitrate through the experimental period. In addition, microscopically examination of renal tissue showed atrophy of glomerular tuft and congestion of renal blood vessels in nitrate treated group. Administration of WGO to rats with sodium nitrate suggesting role of WGO as a natural protective antioxidant agent in hepatic and renal tissues. WGO also stimulates estrogen secretion and inhibits oxidative damage that may be attributed to the presence of biologically active components (unsaturated fatty acids, unsaponifible matters and sterols matters) as antioxidant and cyto-protective activities.It can be concluded that WGO offers a great advantage for therapeutic purpose to minimized sodium nitrate free radical induced cell damage.journal h omepage: http :/ / www .e lsev ie r. co m/ lo cate/ j rras J o u r n a l o f R a d i a t i o n R e s e a r c h a n d A p p l i e d S c i e n c e s 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 7 7 e8 3 http://dx.

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Background: Potassium bromate (KBrO 3) has been used widely for water disinfection, hair coloring, oxidizing agent in food, food additive in bread making process as maturing agent, and as dough conditioner for flour. Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of two doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of strawberry leaves on antioxidant capacity of liver, kidney and testis, thyroid hormones, and kidney function in rats treated with potassium bromate as toxic and free radical producer compound. Study design: Forty-eight male rats were divided: group 1 served as control, group 2 treated with oral dose of strawberry leaves extract (150 mg/kg), group 3 treated with oral dose of strawberry leaves extract (300 mg/kg), group 4 treated with oral dose of potassium bromate (20 mg/kg), group 5 treated with strawberry leaves extract (150 mg/kg) and potassium bromate (20 mg/kg), and group 6 treated with strawberry leaves extract (300 mg/kg) and potassium bromate (20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Methods: Determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver, kidney, and testis tissues. Measurements of serum total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and insulin. Results: Administration of potassium bromate (KBrO 3) induced significant increase in TBARS; decrease in GSH and SOD in liver, kidney, and testis tissues; non-significant decrease in total protein and albumin; significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, and FT3; and significant decrease in FT4 and insulin. Administration of strawberry leaves extract showed significant improvement in some studied parameters. Conclusion: In conclusion, the protective effect of strawberry leaves extract may be attributed to its antioxidant property.