BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine tumours occur at various sites in the human body. They are considered as one of the close differentials for many tumours. Various benign and malignant tumours undergo neuroendocrine differentiation. Its incidence is slightly increasing due to advanced imaging modalities. Although rare, they can be seen in breast, gallbladder and skin. The aim of the study is to study the spectrum of neuroendocrine tumours from various sites, their clinical presentation, histomorphological features with immunohistochemistry and review of literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study for a period of 3 years (June 2013-June 2016). Surgical resection specimens were included in the study. Out of the total specimens received, 24 cases were of neuroendocrine tumours. Differential diagnosis of small round cell tumours also was considered and a panel of immunohistochemical markers were included to rule out them. Biopsy specimens were excluded from the study. RESULTS Out of the 24 cases, 18 cases were benign lesions. 6 cases were malignant lesions. Female preponderance was noted. Peak incidence was seen in 20-30 years of age group. CONCLUSION Neuroendocrine tumours can occur anywhere in the body and it should be considered in one of the differential diagnosis. Diagnosis must be accurately made.
BACKGROUNDThyroid gland is unique among endocrine organs. Thyroid tumours are the most common endocrine tumours which affect females more frequently at age range of 30-60 years most of which are benign. Malignant neoplasms of thyroid are not uncommon with follicular pattern lesions. Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy is itself not a reliable method to differentiate between benign and malignant follicular tumours. Surgical resection helps in accurate diagnosis of these tumours. AIMS AND OBJECTIVESTo study the distribution of lesions according to age, sex and with clinicohistomorphological correlation. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study is a retrospective and prospective analysis of thyroid swellings received at our tertiary care centre during the period of two and half years between January 2013 and June 2015 in the age range of 6 years to 78 years. A total of 148 specimens received during the period were analysed for clinical and histomorphological features. Immunohistochemistry was done for diagnosis of difficult cases. RESULTSOut of total 148 cases, most common clinical presentation was multinodularity in 67 cases (45%), solitary nodules in 54 (36%). Out of benign lesions-84 (57%) were nodular hyperplasias, 5 cases (3%) of colloid cyst. Malignant lesions composed 32 cases, PTC constituted 25 cases (18%), 3 (2%) cases of medullary carcinoma of thyroid, anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid diagnosed (0.5%). CONCLUSIONOur study over a period of two and half years of thyroidectomies showed female preponderance. The most common lesion amongst benign lesions was nodular hyperplasia and papillary carcinoma was commonest in malignancies.
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