Sperm quality is an important topic in general health, chemotherapy, and gamete preservation technology. Fatty acid (FA) composition of membranes, which is influenced by the diet, plays key roles in sperm biology and quality. Dietary supplementation with natural products can be used as a technique to screen potential agents to protect, modify, and recover sperm quality. In the present study, zebrafish (male [♂-ZF] and female [♀-ZF]) were fed a single cultivar olive oil (OO) bioencapsulated in Artemia. OO-treated ♂-ZF had higher (p<0.05) sperm density and motility compared to the AN. A significant difference was also observed in follicle abundance at different stages of gametogenesis, and a non-significant increase in total fecundity between OO-treated ♀-ZF and the AN, although in OO-treated ♀-ZF mature follicles had a smaller diameter. A higher fertility rate (FR) was observed in OOtreated pairs compared to the other groups. Hatching in the OO-treated fish was accelerated although no significant differences could be found in terms of hatching rate (HR) and embryo/larval survival rate (SR). These findings in FR, HR, and SR were also confirmed in male and female replacement mating trials. Taken together, this study shows that altering the FA ratios in the diet has a clear impact on several reproductive parameters in the zebrafish adding new information about the nutritional requirement of this model species.

Although the effects of nano-sized titania (nTiO ) on hatching events (change in hatching time and total hatching) in zebrafish have been reported, additional consequences of nTiO exposure (i.e., the effects of nTiO -induced changes in hatching events and morphometric parameters on embryo-larvae development and survivability) have not been reported. To address this knowledge gap, embryos 4 h postfertilization were exposed to nTiO (0, 0.01, 10, and 1000 μg/mL) for 220 h. Hatching rate (58, 82, and 106 h postexposure [hpe]), survival rate (8 times from 34 to 202 hpe), and 21 morphometric characteristics (8 times from 34 to 202 hpe) were recorded. Total hatching (rate at 106 hpe) was significantly and positively correlated to survival rate, but there was no direct association between nTiO -induced change in hatching time (hatching rate at 58 and 82 hpe) and survival rate. At 58, 82, and 106 hpe, morphometric characteristics were significantly correlated to hatching rate, suggesting that the nTiO -induced change in hatching time can affect larval development. The morphometric characteristics that were associated with change in hatching time were also significantly correlated to survival rate, suggesting an indirect significant influence of the nTiO -induced change in hatching time on survivability. These results show a significant influence of nTiO -induced change in hatching events on zebrafish embryo-larvae development and survivability. They also show that morphometric maldevelopments can predict later-in-life consequences (survivability) of an embryonic exposure to nTiO . This suggests that zebrafish can be sensitive biological predictors of nTiO acute toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3063-3076. © 2018 SETAC.