The relationship between personality and mental health was investigated in one cohort of police trainees at a South African police academy (1,145 police recruits; 648 men, 497 women). Male trainees reported less somatisation, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety symptoms and lower harm avoidance as well as higher persistence than female trainees. A cluster analysis based on the personality scores was used to identify three clusters with personality profiles characterized as Vulnerable, Healthy, and Intermediate profiles. Sociodemographic variables and temperament and character domain scores contributed separately and differentially to the explanation of variance in mental health symptom scores. Selection tools should be developed to identify vulnerable individuals in terms of personality characteristics during selection and prior to training, to prevent later problems with stress reactions. Additional training modules focusing on coping skills could possibly reduce vulnerability to stress in some trainees.
This study aimed at personality and mental health status of Swedish police trainees considering gender differences; and at relationships between personality and mental health. 103 individuals were investigated by means of the SCL-90-R and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) upon entry to the police academy. By contrast, the police trainees were mentally much healthier than individuals from the general population. They reported low Harm Avoidance and their character dimensions were more developed in terms of strength, responsibility and reliability. Harm Avoidance (positively) and Self-Directedness (negatively) were found to be associated with all facets of psychopathology. The good mental health and mature personality characteristics reported by trainees, particularly the females, suggest that they have the strength to master the stressful situations which they will face in their professional lives. In order to prevent possible psychological disturbances later in life, due to the high level of distress in their work, the development of trainees' personality in terms of particular coping skills should be regarded as an integral part of their professional training at the police academy.
This research is a pilot study that explores the psychological profiles of fibromyalgia (FMS) patients. Data were collected from 29 subjects. The variables investigated were attachment style, sense of coherence (SOC), attribution style and depression. The prevalence of secure attachment amongst the group was 51.7%. Significant differences were found amongst the secure and insecure groups with relation to SOC, depression and five subscales of attribution style. The small sample size and cross-sectional nature of the study limit the strength of the conclusions drawn, but the results question the existence of a single discreet FMS-prone psychological profile.
The aim was to investigate relationships between personality characteristics derived from Cloninger's personality theory and ways of coping. We investigated 103 police trainees by the Temperament and Character Inventory and Ways of Coping Checklist. There were several particularities characterising trainees within various personality profiles relating to coping. Each WoC scale was significantly predicted by varying personality subscales with temperament subscales mainly contributing to the prediction. Only personality domains harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self directedness could significantly be predicted by coping scales. Some coping behaviours often jointly occur depending on the specific stressful situation; and these combinations are related to particular personality trait constellations.
The primary aim of this exploratory study was to determine the spectrum of non-cognitive symptom manifestation in a cohort with Alzheimer's disease. The secondary aim was to ex plore the relationship between non-cognitive indices and patient characteristics. Information was elicited from 63 primary caregivers using a biographical questionnaire, the Behaviour Rating Scale for Dementia and the Blessed Dementia Scale. Symptoms clustered under the neuropsychiatrie nomenclature included mood-related behaviours, which occurred in over 50% of the sample. Agitation, irritability and apathy were the most common neurobehavioural dysregulatory behaviours reported by caregivers. The correlation between noncognitive symptoms and patient characteristics revealed that lower cognitive functioning is significantly associated with aggressive actions and higher levels of cognitive function ing with the manifestation of depressive symptoms. These findings have implications for caregiver distress and caregiver management of non-institutionalised Alzheimer's patients.
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