AbstrakTaman Wisata Mekarsari (TWM) merupakan salah satu daerah penyangga ekosistem dan pusat pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati di Indonesia. Keragaman jamur makro asal serasah dan tanah di TWM belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Jamur merupakan organisme penting dalam siklus materi karena kemampuannya mendegradasi bahan organik pada ekosistem. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai keragaman jamur makro di TWM untuk pemanfaatan potensinya di masa mendatang. Sebanyak 20 jenis dan 16 genus jamur makro berhasil dikoleksi dari TMW pada penelitian ini. Identifikasi jamur dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai karakter makroskopik. Pada tulisan ini dijelaskan cara deskripsi karakter makroskopik untuk membantu identifikasi jamur. Jamur yang berhasil diidentifikasi pada penelitian ini adalah Amanita sp.1, Amanita sp.2, Auricularia sp., Collybia sp., Clitocybe sp., Crepidotus sp., Cyathus sp., Ganoderma sp., Lepiota sp.1, Lepiota sp.2, Marasmius sp., Naucoria sp.1, Naucoria sp.2, Omphalina sp., Panaeolus sp., Parasola sp.1, Parasola sp.2, Pluteus sp., Scizophyllum sp., dan Xylaria sp. Beberapa jamur yakni Auricularia, Clitocybe, Ganoderma, dan Scizophyllum yang ditemukan berpotensi sebagai bahan pangan dan obat. Inventarisasi data keragaman yang baik akan membantu upaya pengelolaan dan pelestarian kekayaan sumber daya hayati di Indonesia. Abstract Mekarsari Tourism Area (TWM) is one of the buffer zone of ecosystem and biodiversity conservation center in Indonesia. The diversity of macro fungi from the litter and soil in TWM has not been previously reported. Fungi are important organisms in the material cycle because of their ability to degrade organic matter on the ecosystem. In this study, 20 species and 16 genera of mushrooms were collected from TWM. Mushroom identification is performed using various macroscopic characters. The mushrooms identified in this paper are: Amanita sp.1, Amanita sp.2, Auricularia sp., Collybia sp., Clitocybe sp., Crepidotus sp., Cyathus sp., Ganoderma sp., Lepiota sp.1, Lepiota sp.2, Marasmius sp., Naucoria sp.1, Naucoria sp.2, Omphalina sp., Panaeolus sp., Parasola sp.1, Parasola sp.2, Pluteus sp., Scizophyllum sp., and Xylariasp. Some of them were considered as food and medicinal source. Good inventory of diversity data will assist the management and conservation of the wealth of biological resources in Indonesia.
Cassava pulp is a solid waste resulted from the processing of cassava into tapioca. Cassava pulp is composed of cellulose and residual starch extract. In addition, cassava pulp contains undigested oligosaccharides. During the cassava pulp drying process, various indigenous microbes grow so that it affects the quality of dried cassava pulp. This study aimed to examine the role of indigenous cellulolytic and amylolytic microbes in cassava pulp during the drying process. Indigenous microbes were isolated from cassava pulp from 0 to 15 days using CMC and starch agar to obtain cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria. Thirty-two types of cellulolytic bacteria and four types of amylolytic bacteria from cassava pulp were selected based on their cellulolytic and amylolytic index. The dominance of cellulolytic bacteria occurred during the drying process (15 days). The highest cellulolytic index obtained was 1.47 and the amylolytic index was 0.86. Selected isolates that had a high index value were then further tested for growth and cellulase enzyme activity. Cellulase produced by isolates of COC1 bacteria had the highest enzyme activity at the 15th hour, which was 0.06 U / mL. Cassava pulp which underwent a drying process for 15 days had crude fiber and carbohydrates changes.
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