Проанализированы особенности процесса поддержки агропромышленного комплекса РФ, дейс твующие нормативно-правовые документы, программы в АПК на федеральном и реги-ональном уровнях, а также сложившийся уровень поддержки сельского хозяйства. Выявлена взаимосвязь между объемами поддержки и уровнем производства продукции. Сделан вывод о необходимости совершенствования процесса поддержки агропромышленного комплекса за счет увеличения объема и необходимости повышения его эффективности.
The authors of the article explore the specifics of the development of public-private partnership in the economy of Russia and the countries of the European Union. In the study, the authors identified the factors that affect the development of public-private partnerships in nowaday conditions. The authors’ interpretation of the concept of ‘public-private partnership’ is given in the article, the features of its use in agriculture are analyzed. The experience of development of public-private partnership in the EU countries and Russia is considered. The study presents extensive statistical material that characterizes the level of PPP development in the EU and Russia. The successful experience of using the PPP mechanism in the Russian agriculture is presented. The authors outline the priorities for the development of public-private partnership in Russia and the EU. The conclusion is made about the need for active development of PPP in the agriculture of Russia, the development directions in the EU are defined.
Обосновывается необходимость активизации процесса технологической модернизации аграрного сегмента российской экономики. Анализируются труды видных ученых-экономистов, посвященные про-блеме развития экономики на основе производства высокотехнологичной продукции в реальном секторе экономики. Показано значение трансфера технологий производства высокотехнологичной продукции для инновационного развития российской экономики в современных условиях.
The basis for development of an optimal organizational and economic mechanism for land tenure and land use adapted to the conditions of the digital economy is based on the principles and patterns of its regulation through the identification and application of effective areas of administrative influence at the federal level through use of innovative tools. The analysis of the distribution of the land fund of the Russian Federation by land categories for 2016-2020 is carried out and the need to solve some of the fundamental problems of formation of the mechanism under consideration through use of the identified development patterns formed by the regulatory, economic and digital environment for its regulation, considering the dynamics of changes in the category of agricultural land within the study period is confirmed. It has been established that interaction of subjects of land relations depends on the degree of practical and scientific substantiation of the organizational and economic mechanism of land tenure and land use, the functional state of the digital and institutional environment.
In the article, the authors schematically depict the process of functioning of a situation-oriented system of technology transfer methods in the agricultural sector of the economy. Indicators of domestic expenditures on research and development in Russia, as well as exports of high-tech goods from Russia, China, Japan, the United States, Germany and France are presented. As a set of methods of technology transfer proposed by us to create a situation-oriented system, we consider: the method of forming an intensive market interaction of economic entities based on information and telecommunications technologies, the method of introducing innovations based on the accumulation of additive technologies, the method of transforming information products and services into an autonomous component of the domestic agricultural economy. The scientific foundations of the development of situational modelling in relation to the formation of technology transfer are revealed. It is concluded that it is necessary to actively develop the mechanism of technology transfer in modern agriculture based on the consolidation of information resources of state structures, specialized organizations, innovation centers of cities and regions into a single network and its further integration into European networks.
In an ever-changing environment, strategic decisions are made when implementing changes in the technology transfer process. Currently, it is important to implement effective measures to stimulate the development of technology transfer in the agro-industrial complex in modern conditions; to develop ways to stimulate the demand of agricultural enterprises for modern technologies, including by optimizing prices for them. Insufficient demand for innovative technologies also arises due to possible risks. In this regard, it is necessary to develop ways to reduce risks in the process of technology transfer in agriculture. The authors investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on technology transfer and the way the coronavirus forced people to change their habits and isolate themselves from each other. During this period of time, the role of digital technologies has increased and technology transfer has come to help build new ties between inventors and consumers of scientific achievements. The authors tried to consider the scenario of technology transfer development in agriculture by proposing an algorithm for implementing the technology transfer process in the country’s agriculture. Methods of benchmarking, comparative analysis and a systematic approach were used to process information obtained from electronic databases, online publications, the legal reference system, and Internet information resources. As indicated in the article, an important task today is to organize effective interaction between participants in the technology transfer process, including in the virtual space on the Internet sites. For the effective functioning of the technology transfer market in agriculture and its infrastructure, it is necessary to regularly monitor the market situation in order to meet the interests of both buyers and sellers as much as possible.
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