Background Hematological abnormalities are common features in falciparum malaria but vary among different populations across countries. Therefore, we compared hematological indices and abnormalities between Plasmodium falciparum-infected patients and malaria-negative subjects in Kosti city of the White Nile State, Sudan. Methods A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Clinical Laboratory Unit of Kosti Teaching Hospital from June to December 2018. A total of 392 participants (192 P. falciparum-infected patients and 200 malaria-negative subjects) were recruited in the study. Hematological indices of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets were measured, and their median values were statistically compared. Results The majority of P. falciparum-infected patients (67.6%) showed a low-level parasitemia. The median values of Hb concentration, RBC count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) and mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC) were significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, while the median red cell distribution width (RDW) was significantly higher in the patients compared to malaria-negative subjects. Anemia, low MCV, low MCH, low MCHC and high RDW were significantly associated with falciparum malaria, but parasitemia level was not significantly associated with anemia severity. The median total WBC count was non-significantly higher in P. falciparum-infected patients, with neutropenia being significantly associated with falciparum malaria. The median platelet count was significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, with thrombocytopenia being significantly associated with falciparum malaria. Conclusions Falciparum malaria among patients in Kosti city of the White Nile State, Sudan is predominantly of low-level parasitemia. It is significantly associated with anemia, low MCV, low MCH, low MCHC, high RDW, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. However, parasitemia level is not a significant predictor of anemia severity. On the other hand, leucopenia is not useful to predict falciparum malaria. Further large-scale studies in community and healthcare settings and inclusion of patients with complicated or severe malaria and those with high parasite densities are recommended.

Background: Hematological abnormalities are common features in falciparum malaria but vary among different populations across countries. Therefore, we compared hematological indices and abnormalities between Plasmodium falciparum-infected patients and malaria-negative subjects in Kosti city of the White Nile State, Sudan. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Technology Laboratory Unit of Kosti Teaching Hospital from June to December 2018. A total of 392 participants (192 P. falciparum-infected patients and 200 malaria-negative subjects) were recruited in the study. Hematological indices of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets were measured and their median values were statistically compared. Results: The majority of P. falciparum-infected patients (64.6%) showed a low-level parasitemia. The median values of Hb concentration, RBC count, mean corpuscular Hb and mean corpuscular Hb concentration were significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, with anemia being significantly higher among infected patients than malaria-negative subjects (60.4% vs. 29.5%, respectively). The median total WBC count was non-significantly higher in P. falciparum-infected patients, with leucopenia being non-significantly different between both groups. The median platelet count was significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, with thrombocytopenia being significantly higher among infected patients than malaria-negative subjects (72.4% vs. 5.0%, respectively).Conclusions: Most falciparum malaria infections among patients in Kosti city of the White Nile State – Sudan are of low-level parasitemia. Nevertheless, falciparum malaria is significantly associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia with lower median values of Hb, RBC count, MCH, MCHC and platelet count in P. falciparum-infected patients than malaria-negative subjects. In contrast, leucopenia is not useful to predict falciparum malaria. Further large-scale studies in community and healthcare settings and inclusion of patients with complicated or severe malaria and those with high parasite densities are recommended.

The goal of this paper is to investigate the influence of oral dipping of Tombak Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) on prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio(INR) values, and platelet counts (PLTs), in Sudanese Tombak users. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Kosti health insurance hospital, Sudan, in 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 adult users of oral Tombak for three or more years were chosen randomly as a study group. Another 100 matched healthy individuals who never used Tombak were randomly selected as a comparative group. Venous blood specimens were collected in ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) containers for the PLT counts using the automated haematology analyser (Sysmex, Tokyo, Japan XK-21SYSMEX) and in trisodium citrate anti-coagulant containers for coagulation tests using a co-agulometer machine analyser. Our findings show a significant decrease in PLT count mean values in the Tombak users group (212.1 × 103/mm3 ± 74.3 × 103/mm3) compared with the non-taking Tombak group mean values (243.2 × 103/mm3 ± 83.0 × 103/mm3), (p < 0.006). Both PT and APTT were significantly prolonged in Tombak users (16.03 ± 1.22 s vs. 14.44 ± 0.557 s), p < 0.001 for PT, and (41.62 ± 7.28 s vs. 34.99 ± 4.02 s), (p < 0.001) for APTT. INR mean values were significantly longer in Tombak users (1.11 ± 0.096) vs. (1.07 ± 0.66; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis findings show a significant impact of the four investigated variables, including duration of taking Tombak, age, and frequency of taking Tombak per day (p < 0.001). In conclusion, using Tombak a Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) for a long period significantly affect Platelet counts and coagulation profile.

Background: Hematological abnormalities are common features in falciparum malaria but vary among different populations across countries. Therefore, we compared hematological indices and abnormalities between Plasmodium falciparum-infected patients and malaria-negative subjects in Kosti city of the White Nile State, Sudan. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Technology Laboratory Unit of Kosti Teaching Hospital from June to December 2018. A total of 392 participants (192 P. falciparum-infected patients and 200 malaria-negative subjects) were recruited in the study. Hematological indices of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets were measured and their median values were statistically compared.Results: The majority of P. falciparum-infected patients (64.6%) showed a low-level parasitemia. The median values of Hb concentration, RBC count, mean corpuscular Hb and mean corpuscular Hb concentration were significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, with anemia being significantly higher among infected patients than malaria-negative subjects (60.4% vs. 29.5%, respectively). The median total WBC count was non-significantly higher in P. falciparum-infected patients, with leucopenia being non-significantly different between both groups. The median platelet count was significantly lower in P. falciparum-infected patients, with thrombocytopenia being significantly higher among infected patients than malaria-negative subjects (72.4% vs. 5.0%, respectively).Conclusions: Most falciparum malaria infections among patients in Kosti city of the White Nile State – Sudan are of low-level parasitemia. Nevertheless, falciparum malaria is significantly associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia with lower median values of Hb, RBC count, MCH, MCHC and platelet count in P. falciparum-infected patients than malaria-negative subjects. In contrast, leucopenia is not useful to predict falciparum malaria. Further large-scale studies in community and healthcare settings and inclusion of patients with complicated or severe malaria and those with high parasite densities are recommended.

Background: Variances in blood group antigen have been related with susceptibility particular to diseases. Prothrombin time [PT], measures the efficiency of the extrinsic and common coagulation pathways, although Activated partial Thromboplastin time [APTT] test evaluates the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways. Objective: To explore the influence of blood groups antigen on APTT and PT among Healthy University Students on different ABO blood groups. Materials and methods: Cross section study including student during the period of three months from September 2020 to December 2020 at Medical campus, University of El Imam El Mahdi, White Nile State, Kosti City, total of 480 students were enrolled. Four milliliters of venous blood was collected from each student, ABO blood grouping was done by the tile method whereas APTT, and PT were analyzed using the manual methods. Data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 26 by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Blood group O was largest among the test individuals [45%], followed by blood group A [30%] and B [16%], while blood group AB has the smallest percentage of (9%). Blood group O is significantly higher APTT value [39.07 ± 4.81] second compared to blood groups A [36.60 ± 5.89] second, AB [35.23 ± 4.86] second, and B [34.39 ± 5.30] second, P value < 0.05. Likewise, blood group A showed a significantly higher PT value [15.94 ± 1.36] second compared to blood groups O [14.12 ± 1.43] second, B [13.54 ± 1.35] second, and AB [14.67 ± 1.80] second, P < 0.05. Male had a higher APTT level (44.44± 7.27] second, PT [15.66 ± 1.88] second, and, compared with the female APTT [35.14 ± 6.49] second, PT [14.08 ± 1.29] second, P value < 0.05. Conclusion: Males have a higher APTT and PT levels compared to females. Blood group [O] individuals having a significantly higher APTT, while blood group [A]individuals having higher PT. This proposal that blood group of individuals may be affect their intrinsic (APTT) and extrinsic Coagulation mechanisms (PT].