Henna is identified as an excellent corrosion inhibitor and due to this reason, a research project was conducted in order to investigate the ability of henna extracts to act as an anticorrosive agent with the compatible composition for paint systems. The paint composition consisted of colophony (WW types), plasticiser (oleic acid), pigment (calcium carbonate), solvent (mixture of xylene/white spirit) and additives (zinc oxide and henna leaf extract). These ingredients were mixed until they were soluble and stirred using a high-speed disperser. In order to measure the effectiveness of the new paint system, several nondestructive tests were conducted to investigate the inhibitive properties of henna extract including measurement of substrate mass loss. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with the increasing amounts of inhibitor. The highest IE (%) was 77.63% and this was produced by the paint with 8% inhibitor (P3). However, the IE value started to decrease when 12% of henna extract was incorporated into the paint matrix (P4: 58.40%). Thus, P3 acted as an optimum paint with respect to its performance on the corrosion inhibition efficiency based on mass loss measurement and electrochemical studies. Surface analyses were carried out using infrared thermography and scanning electron microscopy. These surface analysis test was carried out to support mass loss and electrochemical study. Based on the results, the performance of henna extract as a corrosion inhibitor on aluminium surface showed a great impact with the 8% of henna extract presence in the paint formulation.
Recently, the development of green corrosion inhibitors and green inhibition strategies has become highly demanded due to the increased demand for green chemistry in the area of science and technology. This present research is about Dendrobium crumenatum (D. crumenatum), also known as pigeon orchid; a green additive to protect the mild steel coupon from corrosive effect in different seawater velocities. This study was held within 35 days of immersion with data interval of 7 days. Secondary metabolites in D. crumenatum play an important role in D. crumenatum as green additives. The chemical constituents of the D. crumenatum were investigated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The corrosion inhibition efficiency of D. crumenatum was analyzed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Optical Microscope. To investigate the seawater velocity as disturbance factor to the corrosion inhibition, different seawater velocities ranging from 0 m/s, 0.074 m/s, 0.094 m/s, 0.114 m/s respectively were utilized using aerator. The rate of corrosion was tested via weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization. The present work showed that D. crumenatum has a good performance as green additive in minimizing corrosion effect on mild steel via the morphological analysis. Meanwhile, based on the result, highest velocities at 0.114 m/s had caused highest corrosion rate 0.19 mm/year after Day 35 which indicate that the oxidation process vigorously occurred at high velocity.
Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) is a common plant in Southeast Asia that is rich in phytochemical compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolics and tannins. These compounds play an essential role in corrosion-inhibition processes. The characterization of the extract was done by Fourier Transform Infrared and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. The anticorrosion action of lemongrass extract was evaluated for mild steel through immersion in seawater medium using weight-loss and Electrochemical Impedence Spectroscopy. The surface analysis was carried out by optical and Scanning Electron Microscope. The mild steel grade JR235 was prepared in size of 25 mm × 25 mm × 3 mm and was polished using a stand grinder. The immersion test was conducted in seawater with different concentrations of lemongrass extract for a duration of 50 days. Meanwhile, the amount of lemongrass extract incorporated varied from 5%, 10%, 15% to 20%. Six characterizations were conducted in this study which are weight-loss study, Fourier Transform Infrared, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. In this study, a major constituent recorded was lawsone, which can impede corrosion on metal surfaces. The results indicated that weight loss without additive was higher compared to other samples with additives. The weight-loss results show that 10% and 20% additive managed to reduce corrosion by 0.07104% and 0.16234% compared to without additives, respectively. Charge transfer resistance increases up to 3.2x10 6 Ω.cm 2 with the presence of 20% additive. Surface studies results reveal that additives significantly improve the smoothness of the mild steel surface. Thus, this study finds that lemongrass is a potential functional natural additive for steel, particularly mild steel in seawater medium..
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