Few studies have stressed on the interrelating between the categories which will show the level of road risk and hazard more efficiently. The relatively of risk were interrelating with the road hazard. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to identify the direction of study of road traffic hazard and risk analysis throughout the year 1977 to 2020. Review works of literature were identified through multiple sources from transport planning and transport engineering database available in open access journals with a focus on keywords of ‘road risk analysis and hazard’ and road risk assessment. The review showed that while previous research focused on qualitative and quantitative risk analysis in order to get risk rate accuracy was less accurate. The risk analysis and hazard taken a few changes it has been improvised a few times in order to get more accurate risk rate and data which will help to improve road safety.
This paper thoroughly explored and discussed the factors that affect Mobile Public Transportation Applications usage among urban rail transit passengers. To do so, a model known as the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was chosen to determine the significant factors influencing mobile application usage among passengers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. During its primary data collection, an online survey was deployed to 109 passengers using an online survey platform. According to the modal split analysis, most female students and private-sector employees aged 18-29 years use the Mobile Public Transportation Application with route projection during an emergency, depending on the mobile application facilitating conditions. Moreover, based on the factors analysis' result, facilitating conditions are an essential factor compared to the other constructs. However, the study's findings might be biased towards a certain age and gender group due to its respondent reach. Therefore, an equal number of respondents in various age and gender groups is highly recommended for future research to fully grasp the factors that may affect passengers using the Mobile Public Transportation Application in urban mobility.
The trend for new urbanism which encourages public transportation usage has increasingly focused on pedestrian facilities. Pedestrian fac ilities can be defined as facilities that continuously provide pedestrians with safe access to land uses. Unfortunately, roadway design prioritizes the needs of motorists while putting pedestrians at ri sk. A number of studies have developed methods to determine pedestrian Level of Service (LOS). However, none have considered the road hierarchy which has a different design standard, level of road usage, access management and scope of pedestrian needs. This paper develops a pedestrian index (P-Index) which incorporates selected indicators according to road hierarchy in evaluating pedestrian facilities. The index is an analytical tool to rate pedestrian facilities using 5 star rating formats whereby the higher the number of stars, the better quality of facilities of a particular pedestrian segment. The method focuses on four indicators namely Facility, Mobility, Safety and Accessibility. Using Taman Bukit Indah, Johor Bahru as the study area, it was revealed that the overall quality of pedestrian facilities achieved three stars, which are interpreted as walkable. The rating scores of pedestrian facility are next incorporated into Google Maps to enable the public to visualise the rating score of pedestrian facilities. The index can also serve as an evaluation tool by the authorities for auditing purposes in the provision and monitoring of pedestrian facilities.
Few studies have stressed how access to high-quality acoustic environment affects wellbeing, quality of life, and environmental health. The acoustic environment influenced by noise pollution reduces the restorative effect generated by the natural environment. Noise policies which focus on noise level as a determinant of wanted and unwanted sounds are inadequate to control the acoustic quality of the environment. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the psychological effect of environmental sound and the direction of study for environmental sound research from 1993 to 2020. Review works of literature were identified through multiple interdisciplinary health, environmental, and urban planning databases in available open access journals. The focus of the study will look into keywords of "environmental sound", "noise", “acoustic environment” and "mental health". The review showed that previous study focused on the negative effect of noise and noise mitigation methods through the noise level controls in the guidelines. On the other hand, recent reviews continue to discuss the impact of noise further and add on a positive view of the psychological effect of environmental sound. Noise mitigation methods also focused on enhancing positive sounds and methods for a more comprehensive study of the environmental sound.
The trend for new urbanism which encourages public transportation usage has increasingly focused on pedestrian facilities. Pedestrian fac ilities can be defined as facilities that continuously provide pedestrians with safe access to land uses. Unfortunately, roadway design prioritizes the needs of motorists while putting pedestrians at ri sk. A number of studies have developed methods to determine pedestrian Level of Service (LOS). However, none have considered the road hierarchy which has a different design standard, level of road usage, access management and scope of pedestrian needs. This paper develops a pedestrian index (P-Index) which incorporates selected indicators according to road hierarchy in evaluating pedestrian facilities. The index is an analytical tool to rate pedestrian facilities using 5 star rating formats whereby the higher the number of stars, the better quality of facilities of a particular pedestrian segment. The method focuses on four indicators namely Facility, Mobility, Safety and Accessibility. Using Taman Bukit Indah, Johor Bahru as the study area, it was revealed that the overall quality of pedestrian facilities achieved three stars, which are interpreted as walkable. The rating scores of pedestrian facility are next incorporated into Google Maps to enable the public to visualise the rating score of pedestrian facilities. The index can also serve as an evaluation tool by the authorities for auditing purposes in the provision and monitoring of pedestrian facilities.
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