The relationship between battery electric vehicles (BEV) and carbon dioxide emission (CO 2 ) has significant environmental outcomes. Notwithstanding, battery electric vehicles have not been extensively explored through econometric approach. For countries to meet their net zero targets, it is crucial to consider the role of battery electric vehicles, renewable energy consumption, and CO 2 . As a result, it is critical to scrutinize a variety of variables that contribute to a sustainable future. This study therefore examines the dynamic correlation between BEV, gross domestic product (GDP), urbanization (URB), renewable energy consumption (REC), population (POP), and CO 2 in five leading countries (the United States of America (USA), China, France, Germany, and Norway) using panel data from 2010 to 2020. The study adopted the Westerlund cointegration method to ascertain the long-term nexus among the series. The cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag CS-ARDL technique is adopted to evaluate the variables long-run elasticity. The study applied the common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) and augmented mean group (AMG) approach to ascertain the robustness of the long-run relationships among the variables. Dumitrescu and Hurlin’s panel causality analysis determines the extent of the significant causality linkage. The results demonstrate that increased economic growth, urbanization, and population growth accelerate carbon emissions and environmental depletion. However, BEVs were found to be more energy efficient and the adoption of renewable energy through the manufacturing and battery production process would reduce CO 2 emission especially in China and the USA. Finally, the research proposed several policy implications for policy and decision-makers in the five leading countries for combating climate change and increasing productivity in the electric vehicle market and renewable energy consumption.

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The study examines some relevance of e-participation in achieving sustainable community development in Ghana. Information and Communication Technology has created an avenue to promote participation, transparency and trust when adopted by government. As a newly discovered political tool, ICT serves as a toolbox for reaching out and engaging the public on governmental policies thereby drawing government closer to citizens in policy and decision making. Through the use of secondary data, the study highlights the necessity for ICT and mostly importantly e-participation adoption in local government administration in Ghana. Citizens having enough access to their elected representatives and some basic public services through the provision of information communication and technology ensures effective and efficient communication between the government and the people at the local level, while it also provides a door for the citizens to receive feedbacks from the right local government quarters. The study concludes that e-participation enhances effective and efficient government service delivery and enhancing citizen"s active participation in local governance to ensure sustainable development.The paper recommends that the in other to ensure active participation of citizens, government should provide the necessary infrastructure and fast track the adoption of ICT and also the training of local government personnel in the art of e-participation through which sustainable community development can be fully attained in Ghana