The relational perspective of state-business-society relations has been outlines, what allows rethinking the approaches to an alternative understanding of the role of the state at the current level of its development. It has been defined that the institutional approach in solving socioeconomic problems of the society not always meet the interests and needs of such actors as the state, business and society. Market transformations, new forms of economic groups, development of corporations require another format of relations between employers and employees.
The topic of the present paper is a search for the functional methods of bank management in the period of political and social transformation of society. The objective of the research is substantiation of the necessity for the government to have its own banks in order to exercise its functions and provide guarantees of stability in the state under the unfavorable conditions of a conflict of interests when the state is both the 'regulator of the financial services market' and the 'bank owner'. The analysis conducted in the paper on the benefits and losses due to the state ownership of banks has shown: vulnerability of the Ukrainian banks to political pressure; lobbying for the interests of systemic commercial banks and their obtaining of preferences or special terms; excessive budget expenditures for capitalization of failing systemic banks. The experience of developed economies has been researched with an analysis of shortcomings, mistakes and prospects of state-owned bank management in different countries; banking market regulation methods and tools have been systematized. The paper focuses on the measure of nationalization, which was applied by many advanced countries; the impact of nationalizing important systemic banks is grounded, with an emphasis on the decisive role of nationalization in the transition period. It has been determined that many of the factors leading to bank nationalization are closely related to the problems of government regulation of the banking sector. A conclusion has been made that in many countries the mechanisms for corporate regulation of state-or community-owned property do not even exist or are underdeveloped, and therefore, the governments of these countries, having sufficient information and appropriately trained specialists, should be responsible for all the socioeconomic processes in the state. These considerations should be translated into elaboration of a mechanism for corporate governance of strategic public property objects. A corporate governance reform involves creation of competent and independent supervisory boards that would minimize a possible impact of politicians and public officials on the operating activities of banks.
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