The formation of land parcels for the constructing of linear structures today is associated with a number of difficulties caused by the lack of regulatory documents for solving such problems, the location of sites in several cadastral districts with different coordinate systems and other causes. Therefore, their formation today is impossible without modern software, which would enable reducing the complexity of such work and eliminate errors in the final result. The author describes the experience of using modern programs for the formation of land parcels at constructing linear structures on the example of the designed Moscow – Kazan railway route. The ways of automated acquisition and processing geospatial information from the public cadastral map environment, vectorization of the obtained data and its processing in the environment of geographic information systems for solving applied tasks are shown. The article may be useful to design engineers, cadastral engineers, as well as all specialists in the field of geodesy and geoinformatics.
Geodetic monitoring buildings and structures is a complex and critical task nowadays, that requires high accuracy of measurements. Various methods are used to obtain it when working on various structures. The author describes the technology of using the side-point method to increase the accuracy of creating a surveying network when monitoring stadiums for the World Cup 2018. It is shown that the application of the aforementioned method together with the well-known one of dead distances measuring with total station does not significantly increase the complexity of the work, but provides high measurement precision even under adverse observation conditions. The features of adjusting such measurements are set out in the article. It is also experimentally established that using the side-points method enables increasing the accuracy of measurements by 1,5–2 times when constructing polygonometric traverses. The article may be useful for at specialists monitoring and geodetic control of structure deformation.
The article describes the experience of controlling a high-altitude geodesic alignment network in the case of the displacement of most of its points by the example of a network for the construction of a bridge across the river. Vere-bushka in the high-speed toll highway Moscow - St. Petersburg. For the case under consideration, the biases of the high-altitude network points were determined based on the use of A. Kostechel’s method and leveling with respect to the subplane areas of the structure. Comparison and analysis of the results are performed, on the basis of which it was concluded that the data obtained by the A. Kostekhel method under the conditions of deformations of most points of the network are inaccurate. To control the high-altitude network in the construction of engineering structures in such conditions, it is proposed to fix additional benchmarks on stable structural elements with the subsequent determination of their marks relative to existing points. In order to ensure the continuity of the altitude system during the construction of the facility, it was suggested, when monitoring a high-altitude network, to use the heights of such frames as initial ones, when known control methods do not give unambiguous results.
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