Dyskinesias are involuntary muscle movements that occur spontaneously in Huntington's disease (HD) and after long-term treatments for Parkinson's disease (levodopa-induced dyskinesia; LID) or for schizophrenia (tardive dyskinesia, TD). Previous studies suggested that dyskinesias in these three conditions originate from different neuronal pathways that converge on overstimulation of the motor cortex. We hypothesized that the same variants of the N-methyl--aspartate receptor gene that were previously associated with the age of dyskinesia onset in HD were also associated with the vulnerability for TD and not LID. Genotyping patients with LID and TD revealed, however, that these two variants were dose-dependently associated with susceptibility to LID, but not TD. This suggested that LID, TD and HD might arise from the same neuronal pathways, but TD results from a different mechanism.

Background:Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder characterized by involuntary muscle movements that occur as a complication of long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs. It has been suggested to be related to a malfunctioning of the indirect pathway of the motor part of the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuit, which may be caused by oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity.Methods:The purpose of our study was to investigate the possible association between phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase type IIa (PIP5K2A) function and tardive dyskinesia in 491 Caucasian patients with schizophrenia from 3 different psychiatric institutes in West Siberia. The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale was used to assess tardive dyskinesia. Individuals were genotyped for 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms in PIP5K2A gene: rs10828317, rs746203, and rs8341.Results:A significant association was established between the functional mutation N251S-polymorphism of the PIP5K2A gene (rs10828317) and tardive dyskinesia, while the other 2 examined nonfunctional single nucleotide polymorphisms were not related.Conclusions:We conclude from this association that PIP5K2A is possibly involved in a mechanism protecting against tardive dyskinesia-inducing neurotoxicity. This corresponds to our hypothesis that tardive dyskinesia is related to neurotoxicity at striatal indirect pathway medium-sized spiny neurons.

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The aimComparative study of the blood lipid spectrum changes in first-episode schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone and haloperidol.Materials and methods68 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (average age 24,9 years) and 20 age-matched normal controls were investigated. All patients had PANSS total score not less than 80 points. The patients were divided in two groups of 34 persons in each group: treated with haloperidol and risperidone. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels were determined in serum before treatment and after 8 weeks of therapy.ResultsBefore the treatment TC, LDL, non-HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels were authentically higher, but HDL level was lower. After treatment with risperidone and haloperidol HDL and apoA1 levels were increased. In patient group treated with risperidone TC, LDL, non-HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels did not authentically change after 8 weeks. After treatment with haloperidol TC, LDL, non- HDL, apoB, Lp(a) levels were decreased.ConclusionsChanges of blood lipid spectrum in first-episode schizophrenia patients were discovered. It was established changes of lipid spectrum in patients treated with risperidone and haloperidol. Haloperidol was noticed to positively influence on blood lipid spectrum in first-episode schizophrenia patients.

450s Posters, Tuesday, 3 I October 2000 stressors was in better correlation with subsequent posttraumatic pathology than it was exposure alone. Conclusion:Our results have shown that our Scale of Exposure and Distress could contribute to a better evaluation of the interrelations between intensity, frequency and subjective reactions to stressors and posttraumatic pathology in population exposed to ,different categories of traumatic experiences.