Background
The aim of this work was to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) utilizing heartwood aqueous extract of Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. The synthesis of CuO NPs using green methodology with small size and high stability paved the way to protect the environment by not involving toxic chemicals and environment-friendly methodology for pharmacological and photocatalytic applications. The aqueous areal parts extract of S. maritima (L.) Dumort was used for synthesis, characterization of CuO NPs was studied, and further its antioxidant, antibacterial, and photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue was studied.
Results
The synthesized CuO NPs shows characteristic UV-visible absorption maximum at 282 nm. The FT-IR spectra shows peak at 3640 cm−1 attributed to hydrogen bonded O-H group of poly phenols, alcohols, and N-H of amide. Strong peak at 1122 cm−1 corresponds to C-OH stretch in phenols and alcohols. Peaks at 1467 cm−1 and 1585 cm−1 corresponds to C=C in aromatic compounds. Strong peak at 1749 cm−1 represents the C=O in aldehydes or in keto compounds. Several strong bonds identified in the range of 1088 to 1225 cm−1 representing C-O-C stretch vibrations. The synthesized particles were circular in shape with rough surface morphology and dispersed as clusters with size of 37 nm with metallic content of 73.8%. The synthesized CuO NPs were proved as potent antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The photocatalytic for the removal of methylene blue in aqueous solution was studied and results proved that the CuO NPs were effectively remove the dye up to 86.91% within less time of 75 min. Hence, the CuO NPs synthesized are high efficiency with less particle size and can be used as antioxidant, antibacterial agent, and also applicable for the removal of hazardous methylene blue dye from effluents and can contribute indirectly to clean up the environment.
Conclusions
The investigation reports the eco-friendly, cost-effective method for synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles from S. maritima extract with biomedical applications.
Titanium nanoparticles are toxic to bacteria and have a widespread applications in different fields of
research. Hence the present study aimed to synthesize the titanium dioxide nanoparticles by adopting
green synthesis methodology using Kigelia africana leave extract as a biological reducing agent. The
UV absorption spectra show characteristic absorption maxima corresponding to TiO2 nanoparticles at
a wavelength of 512 nm confirms the formation of nanosized tin particles. The FT-IR spectrum of
TiO2 nanoparticles show absorption bands at 3609 cm-1 and 3227 cm-1 corresponding to O-H stretching
in alcoholic and carboxylic compounds, respectively. Absorption peaks at 1607, 2834, 1654 and 1324
cm-1 correspond to aromatic C=C vibrations, C-H stretching in aldehydes, C-H bending vibrations and
aromatic C-N stretching vibrations, respectively. This confirms the involvement of bioactive compounds
from the plant extract. The SEM and EDX studies confirmed that the nanoparticles are spherical to oval
shape with an average particle size of 46 nm. The metal content in the nanoparticles was found to be
58.71%. The synthesized nanoparticles have potential growth inhibition activity against Gram-negative
bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of
the nanoparticles synthesized was compared with that of aqueous leaf extract and standard ascorbic
acid and proved that the nanoparticles have enhanced activity than aqueous leaf extract. The IC50 of
the leaf extract, nanoparticles and the standard was found to be 31.55, 75.82 and 84.95 μg/mL,
respectively. Kigelia africana leaf is shown in this work to be a valuable bioagent in the biosynthesis
of TiO2 nanoparticles with increased biological activity.
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