The importance of polymeric materials in modern life can hardly be overestimated. The annual growth of their production and consumption is one of the main directions of the development of the world economy. At the same time, the problem of recycling polymer waste after the end of the use of products made on their basis arises (according to various sources, only 10-15% of all produced polymers are used for the manufacture of containers). Fully biodegradable plastics are practically non-existent today. Any of the proposed solutions has its own advantages and disadvantages, which require commensuration with consumer characteristics, price, production costs. Independent examinations show that a truly complete degradation of polymers is possible only if they are made from plant materials. The article discusses the rationale for the feasibility of building a plant for the production of biodegradable materials based on plant materials in the Tyumen region.
The food program of the Russian Federation contributed to the widespread launch of poultry enterprises, due to which at the present stage the food market is fully provided with poultry products of Russian manufacturers. But, there have been and remain problems with the processing of poultry manure, as a result of which poultry enterprises incur losses in the form of fines for unauthorized storage of poultry waste on land plots not intended for this. Besides the economic threat, chicken droppings are also an environmental threat. The authors of the article formulated the primary measures to solve the listed problems. The principal distinctive feature of the work is the investigated schemes of utilization and processing of organic waste according to the experience of foreign and domestic practitioners. These iterations make it possible to explain the choice of a management decision by the management of the poultry farm in response to the corresponding challenge of the external environment: low value of added value in the production of main types of products; fines for unauthorized storage of waste; reputational local risks of the company associated with production factors of impact on the environment and others. Among such measures, the authors include recycling of poultry waste (chicken droppings) with justification of options for processing and disposal of waste. The alternative approach allows timely flexible response to emerging challenges of the internal and external environment and deterioration of key indicators of business activity of an enterprise - a taxpayer in the region.
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