BackgroundFor success of any indirect metal restoration, a strong bond between cement and the intaglio surface of metal is imperative. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of different surface treatment on the tensile and shear bond strength of different cements with nickel–chromium alloy.Material and Methods120 premolars were sectioned horizontally parallel to the occlusal surface to expose the dentin. Wax patterns were fabricated for individual tooth followed by casting them in nickel chromium alloy. 60 samples were tested for tensile bond strength, and the remaining 60 for shear bond strength. The samples were divided into three groups (of 20 samples each) as per the following surface treatment: oxidation only, oxidation and sandblasting, or oxidation, sandblasting followed by application of alloy primer. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups of 10 samples each, according to the bonding cement i.e RM-GIC and resin cement. Samples were subjected to thermocycling procedure followed by evaluation of bond strength.ResultsTwo-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare the means of tensile and shear bond strength across type of surface treatment and cement, followed by post hoc parametric analysis. For all tests ‘p’ value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ConclusionsThe surface treatment of oxidation and sandblasting followed by application of alloy primer offered the maximum tensile and shear bond strength for both RM GIC and resin cement. Resin cement exhibited greater tensile and shear bond strength than RM-GIC for all the three surface treatment methods.
Key words:Resin cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement, oxidation, sandblasting, alloy primer, tensile bond strength, shear bond strength, universal testing machine.
Robots are required to operate in different environmental conditions facing varieties of workspace interactions. Scorbot-ER Vu plus robot is a real industrial robot. Robot is designed and analysed for existing condition. Computer-Aided Engineering methods used effectively in the design process since the robot design has various parameters. Structural analyses are aimed to compute the deformations, internal forces, stresses, support reactions, accelerations and stability of the object. This paper deals with structural analysis of Scorbot-ER Vu plus industrial robot in which the integrated engineering methods are employed. The robot manipulator parametric solid models were constructed using Pro/ENGINEER. During the design process, the different structural modifications are made according to the results of various engineering analysis. ABAQUS was used to analyse the structures of the robot. Nodal analysis of the robot is also reviewed for two mode positions using the ABAQUS program. Finally, accurate model of robot manipulator was developed.
Robots are required to operate in different environmental conditions facing varieties of end-effector to perform the workspace interactions. This paper deals with integrated CAD/CAE/CAM system for SCORBOT-ER Vu plus Industrial robot manipulator. The DH (DenavitHartenberg) coordinate transformation method was used to perform the robot position analysis. The robot manipulator parametric solid models were constructed using Pro/ENGINEER (Pro/E). Pro/Mechanica was used to simulate the dynamic simulation and working space, CATIA was used to implement the cutting simulation, and the prototype was manufactured using a CNC milling machine. Finally, a CAD/CAE/CAM integrated system for a robot manipulator was developed. This integrated system not only promotes automation capabilities for robot manipulator production, but also simplifies the CAD/CAE/CAM process for a robot manipulator.
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