One of the most discussed problems today is the postural hygiene of school students. The article reports the results of a questionnaire survey on perceptions and awareness about risk factors, postural health, and pro-health behaviors of children. The study aims to understand what parents know about correct posture and how they participate in the preservation of children’s postural health. The results of the survey show that most parents have a correct awareness about signs of correct posture, walking, and sitting and also understand the importance of the way children wear school bags and correctly selected clothing and shoes. However, the answers to questions about children’s health-oriented behavior indicate that children do not spend enough time in the fresh air outside of school and ignore outside physical education classes and morning exercises and also demonstrate a low level of parents’ control of correct posture in various activities of children. At the same time, the respondents are ready to obtain knowledge and pay attention to this issue. The results of the questionnaire confirm the need to organize training and methodological support for teachers and parents in issues of disorders of the musculoskeletal system and the formation of correct posture in children.
The problem of preserving the vision of younger generation is one of the most pressing issues not only in the field of health, but also in the field of education. This problem has become especially important in the context of intensification of modern school students' education. Unfortunately, over the past decades, there has been an increase in prevalence of visual impairment of children. Currently there is a special term — «school short-sightedness (Myopia) ". According to many researchers, vision problems begin from the moment the children enter school, and this alarming trend is being detected around the world today. The article presents the results of a survey of Moscow school teachers conducted in January 2020 in order to identify the level and content of their knowledge about visual disorders, awareness of issues of vision protection and methods of work with students, as well as the request for training in activities aimed at preventing and correcting visual disorders of students. 387 teachers from Moscow state schools (31educational complex from different administrative districts of Moscow) took part in the survey. The survey data obtained confirm that today in educational organizations the work on protection of children's vision is episodic, or is not carried out. The reasons for this are insufficient knowledge and lack of special training of teachers in issues of vision protectionof students. All of the above confirms the relevance of development of measures for activities in educational organizations for vision protection, dictates the need to develop both methodological support and educational training programs for teachers aimed at prevention and correction of visual disorders of students.
The article presents the results of survey of teachers in Moscow schools to study a request of learning materials for formation of healthy lifestyle and prevention of health problems of students in educational process both in the classroom and in distance learning and their preferences in content of such tools. 270 teachers from 27 general education complexes of different administrative districts of Moscow took part in the survey (December 2020). The results of survey shows that today there is a shortage of educational materials on electronic resources aimed at forming student’s health and preventing its violations. There is a request from the teachers for development and creation of such tools and mainly multimedia materials.
Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized Nordic walking course in children with bronchial asthma. Material and methods. In conditions of a local sanatorium, 60 children aged 814 years with atopic bronchial asthma in remission were examined, 30 patients received the usual set of health-improving measures (comparison group), 30 patients additionally underwent a course of sports walking, personalized depending on the degree of asthma control and the level of physical health (main group). To evaluate it, the method of L.G. Apanasenko was used. Indicators of external respiration, abdominal and back muscle strength, physical performance, and Robinson and Rufier indices were determined. The children were examined twice: before and after the rehabilitation course. The dynamics of functional indicators was expressed as a percentage increase in relation to the initial values. Results. It was found that 36.7 % of patients had a low, 53.3 % average and only 10 % high level of physical health. Only 10 % had a complete asthma control, and 90 % of children had a partial control. The use of a personalized sports walking course helped to improve the functional parameters of external respiration, muscular and cardiovascular systems. In the comparison group, the positive dynamics of most of functional indicators was significantly less obvious. Conclusions. The course of Nordic walking in children with bronchial asthma at the stage of rehabilitation should be personalized taking into account the level of physical health and the degree of disease control. This technology in this category of patients has a significant positive health-strengthening effect, which is manifested by improving the functional state of the muscular, respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of psychophysical training as a method of non-drug correction of vegetative dystonia syndrome of sympaticotonic type and primary arterial hypertension in children and adolescents. Material and methods. 164 patients aged 717 years with sympathicotonic vegetative dystonia syndrome were examined, of which 47 were diagnosed primary arterial hypertension. The baseline autonomic tone (by cumulative clinical tables of autonomic manifestations), autonomic reactivity (based on the results of variation pulsography in ortho-and clean position), support activities (by clean orthostatic test) were evaluated, the heart rate variability was analyzed. As a method of non-drug correction of the functional state of the autonomic nervous system, psychophysical training (main group, n = 110) and therapeutic physical culture (comparison group, n = 54) were used. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, patients were examined twice: before and after the course. Results. It was found that in the sympaticotonic type of vegetative system, excessive vegetative reactivity and activity maintenance predominate. The use of psychophysical training leads to their normalization in most patients. In patients with primary arterial hypertension, the level of blood pressure decreases. According to the analysis of heart rate variability in the main group there is a significant increase in the total power spectrum of neurohumoral regulation, representation of high-frequency fluctuations with simultaneous reduction of the share of low-frequency waves as well as aligned sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. Conclusion. Psychophysical training is an effective method for non-drug correction of vegetative dystonia syndrome by sympaticotonic type and primary arterial hypertension in children and adolescents.
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