Purpose: the purpose of this article is to consider the usage of targeted methodological and organizational methods of complex socio-economic development management, as well as to research the practice of developing national-scale projects and programs.Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the theoretical foundations of target processes management for solving complex development problems, system analysis methods, research of operations and economic analysis of complex system development.Results: consideration of the implementation experience of the Russian Federation national projects and programs since 2005 helps to identify both advantages and disadvantages in solving social and economic problems. Organizational and methodological shortcomings of national projects development, as well as estimation of limitations and difficulties for complete goals achievement in the chosen case projects have been presented.Conclusions and Relevance: the presented national projects aimed at achieving the goals of the May Decree of the President of the Russian Federation should serve as a guide for the concentration of financial, logistical and intellectual resources to solve national large-scale complex problems. Methodological and organizational shortcomings in the national projects launching, which create significant risks to successful and on-time achievement of the national goals specified in the President’s Decree, were noted.
The study defines the program-targeted and project approach to Russian Arctic strategy management to Arctic complex as a large system of tasks and challenges in the unstable and high-risk environment. Characteristic of current conditions (sanctions), preventing Russia from reaching the economy 4.0 level via national projects of digitalization and import substitution are given as well as Russia’s technological partners, including China. It is proposed to define Arctic zone projects: on the targeting basis - as a set of global, regional and national goals and social tasks, and on the content basis - as a set of consulting, technological and infrastructure solutions. Sources of innovation, Arctic trending forecast, a role of Russia as a producer of exclusive goods from scratch (ice-breakers) have been revealed. Also the 22 flagship technological projects in Russian Arctic of 2019, including AI projects, collected by the authors are analyzed as a big system. The illustration of revolutionary technological leap from automation to artificial intellect level through adaptation of the existing military and civil technologies to Russian Arctic’s needs is given. The study shows how important today is not only to be the Arctic experts but Arctic creators and educators with eco-philosophy, based on global collaboration and responsibility for global ecology. Arctic insurance business is forecasted as a new trend. The levels of project subordination and reasons for Russia’s linking to the long-term technological chains without an international labor division have been identified, including the situations when the dependence on imported technologies have been reduced. The methods of creating conditions for technological breakthrough are proposed, including the non-anchor (non-sanctions) approaches.
Purpose:the purpose of the research is to study the current state of technological competition between the leading Arctic States, its impact on the Russian Federation, as well as to develop recommendations for Russia to take into account the future direction of relevant global and regional trends.Methods:the presented research was carried out on the basis of the ecosystem approach and comparative analysis of open sources, using the generally accepted theoretical methods of scientific knowledge.Results:the article defines the most significant European participants of the technological competition in the Arctic region (the Russian Federation, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, etc.) on the level of governments and corporations. The main objectives, tasks, plans, projects and scale of state and company technological competition in the Arctic is defined. The analysis of the importance of valuable international methodological experience of country technological capacity-building in the Arctic is carried out. The forecast is given to the forthcoming repartition of spheres of influence in the Arctic, the reasons of transformation of the global market taking into account nearest future market supply of new volumes of minerals from the European Arctic are shown. The analysis of historical and modern activity of Arctic participants, resources supply, new markets and their influence on the Russian Federation is carried out. Recommendations about consideration by the Russian Federation of future world and regional technological and other trends are offered.conclusions and Relevance:the analysis of the state of technological competition between the Arctic countries, as well as future plans for the development of the Arctic from their side, proves the forecast of active search of complex benefits from environmental changes in the Arctic. Considering the rapid change in the global environment at the transnational level, the growing technological vulnerability and isolation of Russia, it is necessary for the Russian Federation to take timely into account new opening trends in the development of the Arctic. In this sense, it is very important to maintain the pace of the Russian Federation's increasing its technological competence in the Arctic.
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