Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous bacteria. It causes listeriosis, a serious infectious disease which occurs as consequence of consumption of food contaminated with this pathogen bacterium. The frequency of incidence of listeriosis is low (1%), but with high mortality rate (30%). In certain countries (USA and Switzerland) large outbreaks of listeriosis were associated with consumption of fresh cheeses and milk. Studies on presence of L.monocytogenes in raw milk, carried out in Europe, have shown that 2,5-6% of samples can be contaminated with L.monocytogenes. In the process of production of milk and dairy products, it most commonly occurs as consequence of post-pasteurization contamination. L.monocytogenes has the ability to multiply and grow at low temperatures (4 0 C) and to survive even on freezing temperatures, and as such poses risk for health of consumers, if found in milk, cheese, ice-cream and other dairy products. In order to prevent the contamination of product with this bacterium, producers much implement prevention measures, and special attention must be focused on critical points in the production process and adequate sanitation. The general characteristics of L.monocytogenes, are presented in the study, also its resistance to environment, some listeriosis outbreaks, its presence in milk and dairy products and major hygiene measures.
The aim of the study was to determine effect of environmental and paragenetic factors on body mass of lambs at birth. Investigation was realised on experimental sheep farm of Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun. Animal included in this research were representatives of Mis sheep population. The results of the research confirm that values of the birth mass range from 4.43 kg to 4,58 kg observed by years and 4.48 kg to 4.55 kg depending on the lambing season. Statistical analysis showed that the existing differences still significant on the level (P <0.05). Variations of body mass in lambs depending on the mother's age range in the interval from 4.29 kg to 4.52 kg kg and statistically very significant(P<0.01). Type of birth has also expressed a significant effect on the body mass of lambs at birth and variations range from 4.31 kg (twins) to 4.59 kg (single). Existing differences was statistically very significant (P<0.01). Average body mass in lambs depending on sex of lamb were almost the same, 4.54 kg male and 4.52 kg female, and the difference is not statistically significant (P> 0.05).
An experiment was designed to monitor the durability of certain dairy products stored at proper temperatures (8?C) and elevated temperatures (14?C) within their shelf life. Samples of fermented milk products were tested during 25 days, samples of cheese spread products over 80 days, while soft white cheese samples were analyzed during a storage period of 100 days. In the defined study periods, depending on the type of product, pH and aw value of the product, as well as sensory analysis (odor, taste, color and consistency), along with microbiological safety, were investigated. The investigations were performed in accordance with national legislation. The results indicate that the products stored at 14?C showed significant acidity (lower pH value), changed sensory properties, and had an increased number of aerobic bacteria. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 46009: Improvement and development of hygienic and technological procedures in production of foodstuffs of animal origin with the aim of producing high-quality and safe products competitive on the global market]
This paper presents the results of the variability and correlation of body measurements and milk production of domestic Balkan goat breed that is reared in the mountain range Sharplanina, depending on the lactation. Studied animals were monitored and lactation, or order of kidding (I, II, III and IV and the next lactation together). Control of milk production, included a total of 290 goats in different lactations (first-81 animals, the second-69 heads, 71 heads third-and fourth and following along latkacije-69 heads). In order to determine the measure of body development in adult goats, one takes values for height at withers, body length, chest depth, chest width, the width of the cross and body weight. The variability of the analyzed characteristics is presented descriptive parameters and the effect of lactation is determined by a factorial analysis of variance. The determined average values for milk production and measures of body development are located within those identified for this population of goats. During these tests showed statistically significant correlation dependence (P <0.05) between all studied variables, except when it comes to length lactation period and individual measures of body development. The correlation coefficient between length of lactation and established measures of body development. are low and reflect the existence uncorrelation dependence, and their values range from 0.08 to 0.11, while they were unjustified and statistically (P> 0.05).
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