Objective. Analyse and summarize modern data on the degree of hazard of chlorpyrifos when used in accordance with the intended purpose, substantiate the expediency of limiting the scope and extent of use of insecticide in the human living environment.
Materials and methods. Analytical review of scientific publications has been performed using the abstract database of libraries and the text database of medical and biological publications PubMed.
Results. Based on the conducted analytical review of scientific publications, data on the degree of hazard of chlorpyrifos have been summarized, the requirements regarding the expediency of the prohibition of the use of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-based preparations as insecticidal agents in the human living environment, first of all, in everyday life, in maternity departments, in medical institutions, in child day care centres and educational institutions have been substantiated.
Aim of the research. Analysis of approaches to the assessment of neurotoxic effects of chemicals during ontogenesis. The dangerous tendency of the increase in the incidence of pathology of the nervous system in the child and the mother, who during pregnancy was exposed to neurotoxicants, necessitates the protection of the child’s body from such a negative effect of chemicals. One of the possible preventive ways to solve this problem is screening of xenobiotics before their widespread application, as well as identification of their ability to cause neurotoxic effects on the body during its development, and banning substances, neurotoxic effects of which on the development of progeny are proven.
Materials and Methods. Detection of adverse effects at the stage of foetal development and then at the beginning of the functioning of a nervous system in the postnatal period requires complex experimental studies in laboratory animals, which are described in the recommendations of OECD guideline 426 (OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals; Guideline 426: Developmental Neurotoxicity Study, 2007). The OECD guideline 426 protocol provides for a wide range of methods for assessing sensory, motor, behavioural and cognitive functions. Conclusions. Analysis of data given in publications and methodological approaches to research and evaluation of neurotoxic effects of chemicals on the developing organism showed that to obtain representative results it is important to take into account all factors that may affect the result, select adequate informative tests and comply with all requirements. In Ukraine, international methodological approaches to the study of neurotoxic effects of pesticides on the body at the stage of development in the process of ontogenesis are applied at the L.I. Medved’s Research Center of Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety, Ministry of Health, Ukraine (State Enterprise), Kyiv, Ukraine.
Key Words: nervous system, neurotoxic effects, OECD guideline 426, neurobehavioral tests.
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