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Although in vitro studies on the release of antifungal agents from tissue conditioners have been done, no in vivo research on the topic could be found. The purpose of this study was to determine the in vivo effect of an antifungal agent released from a tissue conditioner on the salivary yeast count. Forty edentulous patients with denture stomatitis caused by Candida albicans were divided in two groups. Group 1 (control) was treated with a tissue conditioner only. Group 2 was treated with a tissue conditioner incorporating 500,000 U nystatin. Oral rinses were performed by both groups before treatment and every second day during treatment for a period of 14 days. Total yeast counts of the oral rinses were performed and the averages and standard deviations for both groups calculated and logarithm-transformed data of the counts over time were statistically analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The average oral rinse yeast count of the control group decreased up to day 4. Thereafter, the count increased till the end of the test period. At day 14, the oral rinse yeast level was higher than the pre-treatment level. The average yeast count of the test group decreased up to day 7. Thereafter, the count increased but remained significantly lower (P=0.01) than the control group and did not return to its pre-treatment level. A nystatin-containing short-term denture liner significantly decreases the salivary yeast count of patients with denture stomatitis compared with a liner without nystatin.

Background: Honey has been shown to have wound healing properties which can be ascribed to its antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity can be effective against a broad spectrum of bacterial species especially those of medical importance. It has also been shown that there is considerable variation in the antimicrobial potency of different types of honey, which is impossible to predict. With this in mind we tested the antimicrobial activity of honeys produced from plants grown in South Africa for their antibacterial properties on selected standard strains of oral microorganisms.

Healing is a specific biological process related to the general phenomenon of growth and tissue regeneration and is a process generally affected by several systemic conditions or as detrimental side-effects of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced inflammation of the oral mucosa. The objectives of this study is to evaluate the novel chitosan based functional drug delivery systems, which can be successfully incorporated into “dual action bioactive restorative materials”, capable of inducing in vitro improved wound healing prototype and containing an antibiotic, such as nystatin, krill oil as an antioxidant and hydroxyapatite as a molecular bone scaffold, which is naturally present in bone and is reported to be successfully used in promoting bone integration when implanted as well as promoting healing. The hydrogels were prepared using a protocol as previously reported by us. The physico-chemical features, including surface morphology (SEM), release behaviors, stability of the therapeutic agent-antioxidant-chitosan, were measured and compared to the earlier reported chitosan-antioxidant containing hydrogels. Structural investigations of the reactive surface of the hydrogel are reported. Release of nystatin was investigated for all newly prepared hydrogels. Bio-adhesive studies were performed in order to assess the suitability of these designer materials. Free radical defense capacity of the biomaterials was evaluated using established in vitro model. The bio-adhesive capacity of the materials in the in vitro system was tested and quantified. It was found that the favorable synergistic effect of free radical built-in defense mechanism of the new functional materials increased sustainable bio-adhesion and therefore acted as a functional multi-dimensional restorative material with potential application in wound healing in vitro.

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In this work, Bioactive-functionalized interpenetrating network (IPNs) hydrogel (BIOF-INPs) were prepared and investigated in vitro for the free radical detection/defense, therapeutic release as well as shear bond strength to dentine, ability to re-mineralize surface of the dentin after application of these bio-inspired materials using a biologically inspired mineralization process in vitro as well as investigating antimicrobial properties of the BIOF-INPs against S. aureous. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the suitability and flexibility of the designer materials to act as an "in vitro" probe to gain insights into molecular origin of TMD and associated disorders.

The purpose of this study was to establish and identify a community of oral bacteria that controls the growth of Candida albicans in the chemostat. The chemostat was operated under glucose-limiting conditions at a dilution rate of 0.05 h-1 and inoculated with a yeast-free suspension of a tongue scraping. After a steady state had been reached, it was inoculated with C. albicans to establish the yeast and determine whether its growth could be contained. The steady-state community comprised the species Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mitis, Lactobacillus casei, Eubacterium saburreum, Veillonella dispar and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Bacteroides gracilus and Haemophilus segnis were also detected but infrequently. Yeast growth was suppressed and yeast cells were lost at the same rate as the theoretical washout rate. It is concluded that this mixed community of oral bacteria can be used to identify the parameters that maintain the equilibrium between oral bacteria and C. albicans in the oral cavity.