An electrochemical study of mechanisms of electrodeposition of carbon solid phases from halide melts (Na,K|Cl; Na,K,Cs|Cl), saturated with carbon dioxide under an excessive pressure of up to 1.5 MPa, has been carried out in the temperature range 550 - 850 °C by cyclic voltammetry. It has been found that the cathode process occurs in three steps at sweep rates of less than 0.1 Vs−1, and its electrochemical-chemical-electrochemical (ECE) mechanism is suggested. It has furthermore been found that cathodic deposits contain nano-sized carbon particles of different forms and structure: blocks of amorphous carbon, crystalline graphite, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and nanofibres. The outer diameter of the tubes is 5 - 250 nm, and the internal diameter is 2 - 140 nm. A correlation between the product structure and yield against electrolysis conditions and regimes has been established.
Features of the electroreduction of carbon dioxide dissolved in the equimolar melt of sodium and potassium chlorides under excessive pressure of up to 1.7 MPa have been studied by cyclic voltametry over a wide polarization rate range. It has been found that the electrode process occurs in two stages at sweep rates of ≤0.1 V s-1, and its mechanism has been suggested. The cathodic product is polycrystalline graphite. Systems and conditions for producing two- and three-component refractory metal carbides using CO2 as a synthesis component have been selected
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