No abstract

No abstract

Moisture exchange is studied via composites for seven dry years and five wet years over India (with negative and positive summer precipitation anomalies of 10% above normal), during which a warm or a cold El Niño/Southern Oscillation phase developed in the succeeding fall and winter months. Analysis is based on the 1950-1999 monthly mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Specific features of the formation of the tropospheric integral moisture content anomalies, a major heat source, in the tropical Indian and Pacific oceans in ENSO years are shown. The zonal and meridional moisture transport and the moisture flux convergence are shown to play an important role in this process. Also, the important role of large-scale moisture exchange in a general chain of the tropical climate system anomalies in ENSO years is demonstrated.

Ab stract-Con sidered are long-term fea tures and char ac ter is tics of storm ac tiv ity vari abil ity in the North At lan tic based on the method of au to matic iden ti fi ca tion of cy clone cen ters us ing the data on sea level pres sure as well as the es ti mates of the max i mum speed of the sur face wind in the area of cyclones. In te gral re gional pa ram e ters of the vari abil ity of storm cy clone fre quency for the gradations of the surface wind speed are pre sented for some ar eas of the North At lan tic. In ves ti gated is the in ter re lation be tween ex tremely deep and storm cy clones.