The breed is a factor that determines the productivity of cattle. In the domestic and foreign literature there are numerous data on the economic characteristics of meat breed cattle but there is little reliable information about the productive features of a particular breed in the conditions of a certain region. In this regard the study of the productivity of beef cattle of different breeds in the conditions of the Kurgan region is an actual problem. The studies were conducted in the farms of Kurgan region in 2013-2014 on the young Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds. It was established that the main reserve of beef production in Kurgan region is the intensive growing and fattening of the young Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds (31.53 and 63.51% respectively, of the total number of livestock). The animals of the Aberdeen-Angus breed showed better productivity and economic efficiency in comparison with the Hereford animals: a body weight of 524.55 and 476.80 kg in 18 months, a slaughter yield of 61.2 and 60.8%, a protein conversion ratio of 16. 31 and 16.15%, the level of profitability of 20.98 and 13.91% respectively. During the entire period of cultivation (0-18 months) the animals of the Aberdeen-Angus breed consumed a smaller amount of EFU (energetic feed unit), exchange energy and digestible protein per 1 kg of body weight growth -6.23 EFU, 62.25 MJ and 540 g. The breed factor influences a significant effect on the average daily weight gain (12.82%), dry matter content in the pulp (42.27%), fat content in the pulp (73.72%), energy value of the pulp (58.95%), conversion rate of the energy exchange (59.14%). To increase the production of beef in Kurgan region it is recommended to breed the animals of the Aberdeen-Angus breed.
The possibilities of increasing productivity of animals and poultry by using an additive containing selenium, rapeseed cake and complex mineral additive have been studied. An addition of the preparation “Kartsesel” in mixed fodder promoted the increase in digestibility of nutrients, the increase in erythrocytes, hemoglobin in blood, output of conditioned youngsters, profitability of production. Conditioned young growth was obtained more by 19-22 %. Inclusion in mixed fodder at cultivation of goose rapeseed presscake of Siberian selection positively affected the increase of live weight, yield of gutted carcass. Goose of the first experimental group surpassed the control group by live weight by 3.4%, and the second experimental group by 6.1%. Output of gutted carcass of goose receiving rapeseed meal and rapeseed meal in combination with rapeseed oil is 286.13 g and 388.48 g more. Complex mineral additive in the diet of bulls contributed to the increase of live weight of bulls in 15 months of age, slaughter output, profitability of production and improvement of meat quality. The live weight of the control group of bulls not receiving the feed additive made 459.50 kg, and the experimental group made 11.00 kg more. At the same time the level of profitability of production on steers of the experimental group receiving a mineral additive amounted to 13.77% instead of 10.24% in the control group.
The article presents an analysis of the development of beef cattle industry in the Kurgan Region, as well as the research results of the productivity of beef cattle. The studies were carried out in the Kurgan Region farms in 2013-2014. During the research the young stock of the Aberdeen Angus and Hereford breeds were studied. It was stated that the young stock of Aberdeen Angus and Hereford breeds arethe main reserve of high-quality beef production in the Kurgan Region.The Aberdeen Angus breed cows showed the best productivity and economic efficiency in comparison with the Hereford breed cows. A significant effect of the breed influence on the productivity indicators was revealed: the average daily liveweightgain, the dry matter content in meat, the fat content in meat, the energy value of meat, the conversion rate of the exchange energy. To increase beef production in the Kurgan Region, it is recommended to breed animals of the Aberdeen Angus breed.
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