No abstract

Benign tumours of the bone are not cancerous and would not metastasise to other regions of the body. However, they can occur in any part of the skeleton, and can still be dangerous as they may grow and compress healthy bone tissue. There are several types of benign tumours that can be classified by the type of matrix that the tumour cells produce; such as bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, fat or blood vessel. Overall, 8 different types can be distinguished: osteochondroma, osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, giant cell tumour, aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia and enchondroma.The incidence of benign bone tumours varies depending on the type. However, they most commonly arise in people less than 30 years old, often triggered by the hormones that stimulate normal growth. The most common type is osteochondroma.This review discusses the different types of common benign tumours of the bone based on information accumulated from published literature.

This study highlights the potential to identify those who are obese by using an easy-to-measure psychometric test. Furthermore, it is the first study to report a reduction in impulsivity and an improvement in well-being as part of a government-approved residential camp for obese adolescents. The potential mechanisms for change in impulsivity with weight are discussed.

Despite the plethora of surgical applications available for smartphones, there is no taxonomy for medical applications. Only 12% were affiliated with an academic institution or association, which highlights the need for greater regulation of surgical applications.

Impulsivity measures predict weight reduction in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This result has implications for predicting outcomes from surgical treatments of obesity.

It is an exciting time for all those engaged in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The advent of new therapies presents the opportunity for a personalized approach to the patient. This approach considers the complex genetic mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis in addition to classical clinicopathological staging. The potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers which have stemmed from the study of the genetic basis of colorectal cancer and therapeutics are discussed with a focus on mismatch repair status, KRAS, BRAF, 18qLOH, CIMP and TGF-β.

CTA has been shown to be a more effective training tool when compared with traditional methods of surgical training. There is a need for the introduction of CTA into surgical curriculums as this can improve surgical skill and ultimately create better patient outcomes.

Obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities and psychosocial burdens, but often sexual dysfunction (SD) is overlooked. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity, and its role in reversing SD is reviewed. A literature search of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Cochrane databases was conducted. Fifty-six articles were identified and 32 selected for inclusion. SD was measured via hormonal studies, questionnaires, and a combination of both (n = 14 males SD studies, n = 13 female SD studies, 5 = both sexes). There is an exponential rise in patients reporting post-surgical improvements in SD in both genders. The emerging use of quality of life indices to measure sexual function as part of a more global enjoyment of life may be a helpful adjunct to existing hormonal and sex-specific measures.