Selligueain A, a novel sweet trimeric proanthocyanidin with a doubly linked A unit, has been isolated from the rhizomes of Selliguea feei collected in Indonesia. The structure of this substance was established as epiafzelechin-(4 beta-->8, 2 beta-->O-->7)-epiafzelechin-(4 beta-->8)-afzelechin [1], on the basis of a combination of spectral and chemical methods. The compound was not acutely toxic for mice and not mutagenic in a forward mutation assay utilizing Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677. Selligueain A [1] was rated by a taste panel as exhibiting about 35 times the sweetness intensity of a 2% w/v aqueous sucrose solution, and at a concentration of 0.5% w/v in H2O was perceived as pleasant-tasting rather than astringent.
Summary:Efficacy of flubendazole and albendazole against Trichinella spiralis in mice were studied. ICR mice were experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis and treated with either flubendazole (FBZ) or albendazole (ABZ) at four different stages of the parasite life-cycle. Oral administration of either FBZ or ABZ at 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg on 2 h, 8 h and 24 h (pre-adult stage) after infection eliminated 94.7 -100 % of adults as determined at necropsy on day 7 post infection (p.i.) and 96.9 ~ 100 % of larvae on day 45 p.i. FBZ was more effective than ABZ against adult T. spiralis (at 2 to 6 days p.i.), when treated with a dosage of 20 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days (99.4 % and 46.0 % reduction with respect to the control group). Against migrating larval T. spiralis, FBZ was more effective than ABZ at 20 mg/kg for five consecutive days (on days 11̰15 p.i.), and the reduction rate of recovered larvae were 99.6 % (FBZ) and 80.8 % (ABZ) respectively. FBZ was more effective against early encapsulated larval T. spiralis (at 21 to 25 days p.i.), than ABZ when both were given at 20 mg/kg for five consecutive days (99.8 % and 45.4 % reduction, respectively). In conclusion, flubendazole was more effective than albendazole against adult and parenteral stages of Trichinella spiralis in mice. bell & Cuckler, 1964;Duckett & Denham, 1970;Spaldonova et al., 1974;Fernando & Denham, 1976;Lopez-Garcia et al., 1997). It was demonstrated that mebendazole was highly effective against the immature enteral phase of trichinosis in mice (Fernando & Denham, 1976;McCracken, 1978). McCracken (1978) reported that albendazole was much more effective against pre-adult and had a partial effect on adult
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RECOVERY OF WORMSThe number of enteral Trichinella in each group of mice was estimated seven days after exposure to infection. At necropsy, each mouse was examined individually for adult worms from gut. All the mice treated with drugs against migrating and early encapsulated muscle larval stage were killed 45 days post infection (p.i.) and the number of diaphragm larvae was counted.Parasite, 2001, 8, S195-S198
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