Changes of cytokine mRNA expression and IgG responses in rats infected with Capillaria hepatica

Kim, Dong Kwan; Joo, Kyoung Hwan; Chung, Myung Sook

doi:10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.95

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Higher viral loads of murine norovirus were observed in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis [ 42 ], and a loss of control of murine gammaherpesvirus-68 was observed in mice challenged with Heligmosomoides polygyrus or Schistosomiasis mansoni [ 43 ]. A study of rats infected with C. hepatica did not identify a bias towards the type 1 or type 2 response, suggesting that the immune response may vary according to the host or helminth [ 44 ]. The observed increase in viral richness observed in wild mice coinfected with C. hepatica warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of two highly divergent negative-sense RNA viruses associated with the parasitic nematode, Capillaria hepatica, in wild Mus musculus from New York City

Williams

Che

Oleynik

et al. 2019

Journal of General Virology

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Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technology have led to a rapid expansion in the number of viral sequences associated with samples from vertebrates, invertebrates and environmental samples. Accurate host identification can be difficult in assays of complex samples that contain more than one potential host. Using unbiased metagenomic sequencing, we investigated wild house mice (Mus musculus) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from New York City to determine the aetiology of liver disease. Light microscopy was used to characterize liver disease, and fluorescent microscopy with in situ hybridization was employed to identify viral cell tropism. Sequences representing two novel negative-sense RNA viruses were identified in homogenates of wild house mouse liver tissue: Amsterdam virus and Fulton virus. In situ hybridization localized viral RNA to Capillaria hepatica, a parasitic nematode that had infected the mouse liver. RNA from either virus was found within nematode adults and unembryonated eggs. Expanded PCR screening identified brown rats as a second rodent host for C. hepatica as well as both nematode-associated viruses. Our findings indicate that the current diversity of nematode-associated viruses may be underappreciated and that anatomical imaging offers an alternative to computational host assignment approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of two highly divergent negative-sense RNA viruses associated with the parasitic nematode, Capillaria hepatica, in wild Mus musculus from New York City

Williams

Che

Oleynik

et al. 2019

Journal of General Virology

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“…Besides, the lower loads of PUUV detected in voles coinfected with A. muris-sylvatici could also be the results of host immune response or immune regulators secreted by this nematode. A single study reported the immune consequences of Aonchoteca (syn = Capillaria) infection [ 69 ]. Although Kim et al [ 69 ] showed an over-expression of genes encoding cytokines related to Th2 pathways, they also highlighted strong increases in the transcription levels of the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of Puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, Myodes glareolus

et al. 2011

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BackgroundPuumala virus, the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), is the most prevalent hantavirus in Europe. The risk for human infection seems to be strongly correlated with the prevalence of Puumala virus (PUUV) in populations of its reservoir host species, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. In humans, the infection risks of major viral diseases are affected by the presence of helminth infections. We therefore proposed to analyse the influence of both helminth community and landscape on the prevalence of PUUV among bank vole populations in the Ardennes, a PUUV endemic area in France.ResultsAmong the 313 voles analysed, 37 had anti-PUUV antibodies. Twelve gastro-intestinal helminth species were recorded among all voles sampled. We showed that PUUV seroprevalence strongly increased with age or sexual maturity, especially in the northern forests (massif des Ardennes). The helminth community structure significantly differed between this part and the woods or hedgerows of the southern cretes pre-ardennaises. Using PUUV RNA quantification, we identified significant coinfections between PUUV and gastro-intestinal helminths in the northern forests only. More specifically, PUUV infection was positively associated with the presence of Heligmosomum mixtum, and in a lesser extent, Aonchotheca muris-sylvatici. The viral load of PUUV infected individuals tended to be higher in voles coinfected with H. mixtum. It was significantly lower in voles coinfected with A. muris-sylvatici, reflecting the influence of age on these latter infections.ConclusionsThis is the first study to emphasize hantavirus - helminth coinfections in natural populations. It also highlights the importance to consider landscape when searching for such associations. We have shown that landscape characteristics strongly influence helminth community structure as well as PUUV distribution. False associations might therefore be evidenced if geographic patterns of helminths or PUUV repartition are not previously identified. Moreover, our work revealed that interactions between helminths and landscape enhance/deplete the occurrence of coinfections between PUUV and H. mixtum or A. muris-sylvatici. Further experimental analyses and long-term individual surveys are now required to confirm these correlative results, and to ascertain the causal links between helminth and PUUV infection risks.

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“…To obtain C. hepatica eggs, the liver tissues of house rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) infected with C. hepatica were digested with pepsin–HCl at 37°C, as described by Kim et al . (2007). The eggs were isolated by repeated filtration and cultured in 0.5% formalin solution at 30°C until embryonation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eggs were isolated by repeated filtration and cultured in 0.5% formalin solution at 30°C until embryonation. The embryonated eggs were kept at −20°C for egg antigen preparation and infection of rats, as described previously (Lee, 1964; Kim et al ., 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune responses induced by co-infection withCapillaria hepaticainClonorchis sinensis-infected rats

et al. 2017

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Clonorchis sinensis and Capillaria hepatica are zoonotic parasites that mainly infect the liver and cause serious liver disorders. However, immunological parameters induced by co-infection with these parasites remain unknown. In this study, for the first time, we investigated immunological profiles induced by co-infection with C. hepatica (CH) in C. sinensis (CS)-infected rats (Sprague-Dawley). Rats were infected primarily with 50 metacercariae of C. sinensis; 4 weeks later, they were subsequently infected with 1000 infective C. hepatica eggs. Significantly higher levels of C. sinensis- or C. hepatica-specific IgG antibodies were found in the sera of rats. Interestingly, no cross-reacting antibody was observed between C. sinensis and C. hepatica infections. Significantly raised eosinophil levels were found in the blood of C. sinensis/C. hepatica co-infected rats (CS + CH) compared to the blood of rats infected singly with C. sinensis. Co-infected rats showed significantly higher levels of lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production compared to a single C. sinensis infection. The worm burden of C. sinensis was significantly reduced in co-infected rats compared to the single C. sinensis infection. These results indicate that the eosinophils, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production induced by subsequent infection with C. hepatica in C. sinensis-infected rats might contribute to the observed C. sinensis worm reduction.

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Changes of cytokine mRNA expression and IgG responses in rats infected with Capillaria hepatica

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Discovery of two highly divergent negative-sense RNA viruses associated with the parasitic nematode, Capillaria hepatica, in wild Mus musculus from New York City

Discovery of two highly divergent negative-sense RNA viruses associated with the parasitic nematode, Capillaria hepatica, in wild Mus musculus from New York City

Concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of Puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, Myodes glareolus

Immune responses induced by co-infection withCapillaria hepaticainClonorchis sinensis-infected rats

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