The successful and effective management of sports training is impossible without the justified forecasting. The retrospective analysis of the sport career of elite sportsmen allows to identify interconnections of the competitions -results on various stages of the sporting career. Analysis of papers showed, there are no researches which would analyse the highest-level sportsmen in wrestling -Olympic champions. Aim of the research -to analyse results of the Olympic champions in wrestling from 1996 to the present day and to discover the main trends and regularities. The analysis included 41 sport careers of winners in freestyle wrestling of the six Olympic Games from 1996 to 2016. The results of wrestlers on international competitions into the four age stages are analysed: the pre-junior age, junior age, senior until the victory at the Olympic Games and a time period after the victory. The majority of the sportsmen (90.3 %) win only once and participate in the OG only once or twice (90.2 %). The retrospective analysis has shown that 48.8 % of wrestlers-champions have performed at the international stage at the cadets age, and 85.4 % of sportsmen at the junior age, over 90 % of them have taken the winning places. Prior to the victory at the Olympic Games 87.8 % of the sportsmen take part at the continental championships, all of them have won medals. And 82.9 % have participated at the world championships, and 91.2 % of them have taken places from 1 to 3.
The successful and effective management of sports training is impossible without the justified forecasting, which is adequate to the modern scientific knowledge. The forecasting creates the necessary preconditions for correct management decisions by athlete, coaches and administration. Nowadays, the discovery of talented athlete and the ways of their improvement are among the most discussed and popular directions in the athletes’ training. The aim of the research –to analyze the significance of the success of wrestlers at the cadet and junior levels on the performance results during the senior career in relation to the weight classes. The sports careers of the medalists in freestyle wrestling of the Cadets and Junior European Championships have been studied. The analysis of the cadets’ results demonstrates that more than 30% of the athletes have taken part in seniors competitions, but unfortunately only under 15% of the athletes have achieved success. At the same time, the juniors’ results are better: about 60% of the athletes continued their sports careers at the senior level, but only approximately 25% have achieved significant results. It is demonstrated that the athletes of the lightweight classes adapt faster to the senior wrestling and achieve success at the senior level.
The age of peak competitive performance is particularly important as the entire sports career in each sport is planned on its basis. Depending on the sport and gender of the athlete, the age of peak competitive performance varies considerably. The objective of the study - to determine the age indicators of the wrestlers who participated in the World Championships, depending on the place taken and the weight group. We have studied 332 sports careers of the freestyle and Greko-Roman male wrestlers from 1st to 8th ranks who participated in the World Championships 2017, 2018 and 2019. The following indicators are analyzed: the average age, the average age of the international career start, the average age of first success and the proportion of athletes who achieved success at junior level. Results. The average age of the wrestlers is 26.5 ± 3.6 years: the medalists are slightly younger – 26.3 ± 3.4 years, and non-medalists are older than 26.7 ± 3.8 years. The analysis of the distribution of the age of peak competitive performance of athletes-medalists has shown the following results: there are 67.7 % of medalist among the athletes who are 22-28 years old, 11.8% among those who are younger than 23 years old and only 26.6% among those who are older than 28 years. More than half (53.4%) of medalists achieved success being juniors, while for non-medalists this proportion is only 38.2%. The linear regression coefficient between the age and the weight of athletes is positive and is equal to 0.47 kg per year. The results obtained on the medalists show that the period for achieving the peak competitive performance is limited and quite a few athletes can succeed beyond a certain period of age.
Mixed martial arts - a sport, which is a combination of many techniques, schools and direction of combat sports. Nowadays, mixed martial arts are the most popular and spectacular sport of all combat sports. Analysis of competitions performances is an important aspect of training athletes. The quantitative characteristics of competitive activity make it possible to model the training process at different stages of fighters. Aim of the research – to analyze the quantitative characteristics of competitive activity of high ranked fighters. All matches of Mixed martial arts Russian Cup in 2018 were analyzed: 84 preliminary and 8 final fights (for 1 place) in all weight categories. The following quantitative characteristics of the competitive activities of high ranked fighters were analyzed in the study: average fight time; average fight time in the standing and ground positions; distribution of fights by types of victory; activity, defense and reliability performing takedowns for each weight category. Also, a comparative analysis was carried out with the competitive activity characteristics of the top athletes from the Ultimate Fighting Championship rating for each weight group. These data can be used as model when planning the training process of both young and qualified athletes.
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