This research explores the characteristics of Korean early modern architecture in the early twentieth century. Modern Korean architecture experienced conflicts and continuities between tradition and modernity from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. To evaluate these various influences, this article considers Korean early modern architecture through the perspective of such modern concepts as “science,” “efficiency,” and “hygiene.” These modern concepts emerged first in the West before the nineteenth century, and they played significant roles in constructing a modern society in the West and the East. By investigating how these modern concepts were adopted in Korea in the early twentieth century, this research scrutinizes not only individual architects such as Park Gilryong and Park Dongjin but also newly constructed buildings such as kwansa (official residences of Japanese ministries) and sat’aek (company housing), especially during the Japanese colonial period. Furthermore, this research goes beyond Korean architecture to encompass regional and cultural differences. This research enables early modern Korean architecture to find its identity through the approach of social and cultural contexts, and by comparison with Western architectural culture.
This paper explores the approach to cultural sustainability through architectural preservation. It analyses Frank Lloyd Wright's design of the Florida Southern College campus in Lakeland, Florida in the United States as a case study. This campus contains the largest unified collection of Wright's architecture. Between the 1930s and the 1950s, he designed the master plan as well as 10 individual buildings for this project. These buildings compose the core of the campus, which is located on a hillside facing a lake to the south. The campus serves as a critical exemplar for demonstrating the cohesive interaction between humanity, buildings, and landscapes that is lacking in typical modernism. In addition, this campus demonstrates influences from various Eastern thoughts on Frank Lloyd Wright's design. The preservation of this campus is not only related to the cultural and historical identity of this college, but also acts as a lived site for visitors to reflect on the fundamental meaning of human existence. In order to investigate this topic, my research employs archival materials such as writings, drawings, photos, and manuscripts relating to Florida Southern College. They are interpreted through phenomenological analysis similar to Maurice Merleau-Ponty's aesthetics. Through the case study, this paper investigates and explores how the preservation of historic buildings and landscapes can sustain people's memories and desires for a poetical life, which are ways to enhance the value of cultural sustainability.
This research examines the adoption of Western modernism in Korean modern architecture in the early 20th century, which was a period of conflict not only between tradition and modernity, but also between the East and West. The overall research explores a representative and pioneering Korean modern architect, Dongjin Park (1899-1981, who actively practiced his design during the Japanese colonial period. In particular, this research scrutinizes Dong-jin Park's recognition of Western modernism through his publications, for example, in magazines and newspapers, which described his recognition of Western architecture. Through the representative architect's ideas and writings, this research seeks to identify the characteristics and origins of Korean modern architecture.
This research examines the origins of Korean modern architecture within the context of cultural encounters between the East and West in terms of modernity, and in comparison with the origins of modern Western architecture. This research examines the works of two pioneering and representative Korean modern architects: Gilryong Park (朴吉龍, 1898-1943) and Dongjin Park (朴東鎭, 1899-1981), who actively designed architecture during the Japanese colonial period . When these two representative Korean modern architects led the movements toward modernity, adapting traditional architecture was a key factor in their philosophy of modern architecture. However, they had different approaches to inheriting tradition and interpreting modernity. Considering these two architects as case studies, this research demonstrates that early modernism in Korean architecture was entangled with and struggled between Western modernism, Japanized modernism, and traditional Korean architecture. This research provides a significant and unique case study of the cultural encounters between Korean, Japanese, and Western architecture in the early 20 th century. This research enables the discovery of the identity of early Korean modern architecture through its evolution from tradition to modernism by considering the social and cultural contexts and comparing it with modern Western architecture.
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