Investasi merupakan salah satu cara untuk mendapatkan keuntungan atau pendapatan. Khususnya investasi Emas Antam di masa pandemi Covid-19. PT. Aneka Tambang Tbk. (Antam), merupakan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang kegiatannya mencakup eksplorasi, menambang, mengolah dan memasarkan komoditas emas, perak, bijih nikel, feronikel, bauksit dan batu bara. Antam memproduksi emas batangan yang dikenal di pasaran dengan emas antam. Emas antam memilki kualitas yang baik serta memiliki ciri yang sulit dipalsukan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik penulisan berupa narrative review. Dimana data yang dituliskan berupa data empiris yang berarti memuat fakta pada kejadian yang sebenarnya.
The aim of this study was to examine the quality of infectious waste management in households amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study was a qualitative descriptive study and described the level of quality of infectious waste management in the household which was reviewed based on the relevant laws and regulations. The article used secondary legal materials, namely books, journals, articles, and other written works from print and internet media, and the phenomena that occured in the field. The result indicated that the management of infectious waste during a pandemic was not optimal. Government policies were considered ineffective in managing infectious waste in households. Currently, SE Minister of Environment and Forestry Number SE. 2/MENLHK/PSLB3/PLB. 3/3/2021 asserts that the SE merely contains recommendations and guidelines and is not strictly binding, the consequence is that the public is not fully aware of it and its enforcement cannot be carried out optimally because of the limitations of its binding strength, even though infectious waste is B3 waste. It can be emphasized that the management of infectious waste in households amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia was not optimal.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari solusi atas ketiadaan sanksi dalam penegakan hukum pelayanan publik terhadap penyandang disabilitas yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas, guna memberikan perlindungan hukum atas penegakan hukum di bidang pelayanan publik, khususnya terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang memberikan preskripsi atas konsep-konsep pelayanan publik terhadap penyandang disabilitas berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta asas-asas hukum publik, yang kemudian dianalisa melalui sudut pandang teori hukum murni. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah didapati sanksi yang dapat dikenakan kepada penyelenggara pelayanan publik atas tidak dipenuhinya hak-hak penyandang disabilitas dalam pelayanan publik sebagaimana dimuat di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi petunjuk bagi para pemangku kepentingan dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik, agar hak-hak penyandang disabilitas yang selama ini terkesan menjadi warga negara yang “terpinggirkan” dapat terpenuhi sebagaimana dicita-citakan di dalam Konvensi Hak-Hak Penyandang Disabilitas (CRPD) yang telah diratifikasi menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate and assess (1) the government's actions and policies in an emergency crisis that occurred in Indonesia; and (2) the rule of law in Indonesia in emergencies. This study is a descriptive qualitative study that describes government policy and the rule of law in Indonesia during an emergency. This article is based on secondary legal materials, such as books, journals, essays, and other written works from both print and digital media, as well as field occurrences. The study's findings indicate that (1) the coronavirus illness outbreak is a non-natural disaster, including a pandemic, in which case the government established several strategies throughout the COVID-19 pandemic emergency response period; It is noted that 1 Perppu (Government Regulation in Lieu of Law), 1 PP (Government regulations), 1 Perpres (Presidential Regulation), 1 Inpres (Presidential Instruction), 4 Keppres (Presidential decree), 15 Permen (Ministerial regulation), 19 Kepmen (Ministerial decree), and dozens of decrees and circulars have been issued, which were specifically formed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic situation as a rule of law.
The RESD principle is relevant for protecting the sovereignty of the Indonesian state in BIT negotiations, formulations and implementation. This relevance is based on the willingness and ability of the Indonesian state to exercise its sovereign authority responsibly in managing foreign investment. Accountability of sovereignty functions in the context of foreign investment can be proven through the willingness and ability of the functions it carries to ensure the availability of political good and public good to all parties who invest in their jurisdiction. Proving the country can be done through three main principles of the implementation of state sovereignty, namely responsibly, in accordance with good governance, and international standards of civilization. These three principles are manifested in the country's willingness and ability to guarantee political good in carrying out foreign investment relations with foreign investors and partner countries. Political good in this context is democratic governance (rule of law), good governance (anti-corruption). The implication of this legitimacy is that the state is spared or even cannot be interfered by other authorities, because it has a bargaining position. Keywords: Right to Economic Self-Determination (RESD), Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), Sovereignty.
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