Nanocellulose, which is cellulose in the form of nanostructures, has emerged as one of the most significant green materials of our time in recent years because of their appealing and exceptional characteristics such as abundance, high aspect ratio, improved mechanical capabilities, renewability, and biocompatibility. The present review mainly covers the effect of different properties of nanocellulose on the mechanical properties of nanocellulose-based multiscale composites. Our review article covers the classification of nanocellulose structures, extraction of Nanocellulose, and mechanical properties of cellulosebased multiscale composites such as tensile, flexural and impact, followed by the applications of nanocellulose-based multiscale fiber reinforced polymer composites. There is a demand in the industry for an efficient alternate material to man-made synthetic materials with superior mechanical properties.Nano cellulose-based multiscale composites can be an efficient alternative to meet sustainability goals without compromising performance.
Sandwich panels with cellular material cores are widely used in the aerospace, automotive, and marine industries. Although honeycombs with hexagonal cells are the most frequent shapes for cores, new possibilities in lightweight structures have lately emerged. The present work evaluates the transverse shear modulus of the glass‐reinforced polymer honeycomb core (GFRP ‐ HC) and glass‐reinforced polymer corrugated bioinspired model (GFRP ‐ CBIM) core. The experimental results from the alternative dynamic technique agreed well with the numerical simulation. In the GFRP sandwich beam with corrugated HC and CBIM's core, numerical free vibration analysis was performed. The CBIM core has a higher natural frequency than the HC core, according to the numerical data. Further, numerical analysis has been performed on the bioinspired cores by varying the side length and edge radius. Modified bioinspired model ‐ 03 core design (MBIM03) appears to be a good option for regular honeycombs used in sandwich composite panels for industrial applications that demand low weight, high rigidity, and a large amount of energy‐absorbing capacity.
Sandwich structures are used in aircraft, automobiles, and naval industries. The sandwich cores have a substantial impact on their structural behavior. The core design is a significant influencing factor in sandwich structures, and the core selection is even more critical. This study investigates the free and forced vibration analysis of bioinspired sandwich beams. The bioinspired PLA core is 3D printed by fused deposition modeling, and GFRP skin is fabricated using hand layup techniques. The complex shear modulus of the bioinspired core and the elastic modulus of the skin is evaluated using the alternative dynamic method and ASTM E1876, respectively. Among various bioinspired composite sandwich beam configurations, BIM02 produces the highest stiffness, followed by BIM01, BIM04, and BIM03 because of the strain energy distribution. Pattern arrangement of the core in the bioinspired sandwich beam has a significant difference in the natural frequencies. Further, a parametric study of the sandwich beam for four different 3D printed bioinspired PLA cores and ply configuration of the GFRP skin using Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT).
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