The study of rice straw utilization as cattle feed supplement in East Aceh district of Aceh province was aimed at introducing the rice straw technology to beef cattle feed. A number of steps had been taken into account; (1) the coordination with East Aceh Department of Agriculture and Livestock to identify the problem of fermented rice straw technology using probiotics, (2) the manufacture of urea molasses block, and (3) managing the introduction and application of cattle feed technology. Nine heads of cattle with 100-300 kg weight were treated with three types of rations; R0 was farmers' treatment (hay + concentrate); R1: Forage 30% (15% + 15% elephant grass + gliricidia sepium) + fermented straw 70% + block + mineral concentrate (+ corn bran); R2: Forage 70% (35% + 35% elephant grass + gliricidia sepium) + fermented straw 30% + block + mineral concentrate (+ corn bran). Observed indicators were daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion. The results showed that the highest daily weight gain was in R2 with 0.82 kg /day and the lowest was in R0 with 0.60 kg / day. Ration composition (R2) with forage 70% (35% elephant grass + 35 % gliciridia sepium) + fermented straw 30% + block + mineral concentrate (+ corn bran)) provided an optimal daily weight gain. Therefore the R2 is the most efficient treatment for cattle feed formula in East Aceh.
This research aimed to determine the effect of giving Sipatah-patah extract toward the histopathological and femur bone growth of white rat that was ovariectomized. The experimental animals that were used were 12 white rats divided into 4 treatment group with 3 repetitions. K0 was the ovariectomized rat without giving Sipatah-patah extract (ESP); K1, K2 and K3 were ovariectomized rats which were given Sipatah-patah extract with multilevel doses of 500 mg/kg BW, 700 mg/kg BW and 900 mg/kg BW for 30 days. On the 31st day, rats were euthanized using chloroform and os femur that was taken to being made into histological preparation. There was the decrease in the bones density of the K0 group which is characterized by thinning of trabecular structure, there were lots of osteoclast cells on the edge of the trabecular and lower density of active osteoblasts and passive osteoblasts. The rat of group K1 and K2 showed an improvement on the trabecular structure and lower osteoclast than group K0. The rat of group K3 had a visible improvement of the most congested trabecular structures, cohesive with the most density cell of active osteoblasts than the other groups. The result of this research concluded that the giving of Sipatah-patah extract doses 900 mg/kg BW showed a higher density of trabecular and active osteoblasts than the control group, K1 and K2 on the white rat bones that were ovariectomized.
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh pemberian kombinasi pakan fermentasi dengan multi enzim pencernaan dan vitamin E dalam ransum komersial terhadap peningkatan kualitas semen ayam arab. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan 5 kali ulangan. 1) kontrol (P 0 ) ayam diberikan ransum komersial 100 %, 2) perlakuan 1 (P 1 ) ayam diberi 89,83% ransum komersial + 10% pakan fermentasi + 0,15% multi enzim + 0,02% vitamin E, (3) perlakuan 2 (P 2 ) ayam diberi 79,83% ransum komersial + 20% pakan fermentasi + 0,15% multi enzim + 0,02% vitamin E, dan (4) perlakuan 3 (P 3 ) ayam diberi 69,83% ransum komersial + 30% pakan fermentasi + 0,15% multi enzim + 0,02% vitamin E. Koleksi semen dilakukan pada hari ke 36 dengan metode masase. Data kualitas semen yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) satu arah yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kombinasi pakan fermentasi dengan multi enzim dan vitamin E dalam ransum komersial berpengaruh secara nyata (P<0,05) terhadap peningkatan volume, pH semen, konsentrasi spermatozoa, motilitas, spermatozoa hidup, dan penurunan abnormalitas ayam arab, namun tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap warna, konsistensi dan gerakan massa spermatozoa. Dapat disimpulkan pemberian kombinasi pakan fermentasi dengan multi enzim dan vitamin E dalam ransum komersial dapat meningkatkan kualitas semen ayam arab.Kata kunci: Ayam arab, kualitas semen, pakan fermentasi ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine the effect of fermented feed combination with the multi enzymes digestion and vitamin E addition on the quality of semen arab's chicken. This research used a randomized block design (RAK) consisting four treatments with five replications : P0: 100% Commercial feed (524), P1: 89.83% commercial feed + 10% fermented feed + 0.02% viamint E + 0.15% multi enzyme, P2: 79.83% commercial feed + 20% fermented feed + 0.02% vitamin E + 0.15% multi enzyme, P3: 69.83% commercial feed + 30% fermented feed + 0.02% vitamin E + 0.05% multi enzyme. Semen sample was collected at 36 th day using a massage method. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan test. The results showed that addition of combination of fermented feed with digestive multi enzymes and vitamin E has significantly effect (P<0,05) on increases of the volume, pH, spermatozoa concentration, percentage of spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa life, and decreased the percentage of spermatozoa abnormalities. This research can be concluded that the addition of fermented feed combination with digestive multi enzymes and vitamin E able to improve the quality of arab chicken semen.. prospek pasar yang cukup baik untuk dikembangkan. Produksi telur ayam arab relatif tinggi hampir menyerupai produktivitas ayam ras petelur yaitu berkisar antara 190-250 butir per tahun (Natalia et al., 2005). Selain itu, Keywords
Some parameters should be evaluated before the analysis of cortisol hormone using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ). The most important one is to test the validity of the ELISA kit itself since most of the commercially available ELISA kit is not designed for animal use. The time of sample collection is also another important parameter needed to be evaluated due to a known diurnal variation of cortisol concentrations. This study aims to validate a commercial ELISA kit and evaluate the sampling time on the diurnal variations of cortisol concentration in blood and feces of Aceh cattle. Blood and fecal samples were collected in the morning and afternoon from 8 Aceh cows aged 2-3 years. A commercial ELISA Kit (Cat. No. EIA-K003-H5, Arbor Assays®) was validated using analytical (parallelism, accuracy, and precision/% CV of intraand inter-assay) and biological validations (by analyzing sample preand post-transportation). The results of a parallelism test showed the diluted sample curve from the fecal extract was not significantly different (parallel) to the standard curve of EIA-K003-H5 kits (P>0.05), the accuracy of the assay: 99,76 ± 3.77%, and the % CV of intra-and inter-assay less than 10%. The results from the biological validation test showed that the concentrations of fecal cortisol post-transportation were significantly higher compared to the pre-transportation (P<0.05). Plasma cortisol concentrations collected in the morning were significantly higher (79.34%) compared to afternoon samples(P<0.05). However, cortisol concentrations in feces collected in the morning and afternoon did not show a significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, ELISA Kit (EIA-K003H5, Arbor Assays®) is a reliable assay for measuring cortisol in the feces of Aceh cows. Plasma cortisol concentrations in Aceh cows show a diurnal variation which is higher in the morning than afternoon, but the concentration of cortisol in the fecal sample did not.
The increase in beef production is constrained by the slow growth of beef cattle population which is caused by the cattle breeding business that is considered less commercially profitable. The supplying of beef needs in a critical and effective manner is always increasing each year, so the price of beef is fluctuate. The various priority concept of the government's main program for the development of beef cattle is always done in every region in Indonesia. But the production of beef is still less and the government have to import the beef to fulfill the beef production. Therefore, this issues need necessary operational steps to provide more open space for some factors and leverage points in the supplying of beef needs. The purpose of this review is to examine the efforts to supply beef needs for the future in Indonesia critically. The high price of beef is not a mistake of the government. Basically, the government has tried to make the beef cattle population increased, to fulfill the consumer needs and the prices of beef is affordable for the customer. To cope with the higher beef prices, the government is make a policy of developing small, medium-sized, and big beef cattle breeding industries through seed cattle spreads on plantations of oil palm, rubber and cultivable fields for the development of beef cattle population. It is expected that in the coming year, beef cattle business can be oriented to agribusiness bussiness so that farmer's welfare will increase and can support Indonesia as the world food granary.
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