This study was conducted to determine the effect of egg weight on chick weight, egg weight loss and hatchability in partridges. Eggs (847) obtained from rock partridges (44-46 weeks ages) were classified according to their weights as <18 g, 18. 00-18.99 g, 19.00-19.99 g, 20.00-20.99 g, 21.00-21.99 g, 22.00-22.99 g and ≥23 g and incubated. A positive, powerful and important correlation (0.46 and 0.82 values) between egg weight and egg weight loss and chick weight in different groups was determined (P<0.001) in the study. The differences between hatchability and fertility in the egg groups were significant (P<0.05), but no differences were detected between hatchability of fertile eggs and embryonic mortalities. In conclusion, smaller and bigger eggs of partridges had low fertility while hatchability was disproportionately reduced in eggs that had lost less mass during incubation. g, 18,00-18,99 g, 19,00-19,99 g, 20,00-20,99 g, 21,00-21,99 g, 22,00-22,99

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The effects of incubation temperature on the sex of Japanese quail chicks were investigated in this study. The study was conducted on Japanese quail. In all, 4500 eggs obtained from 2 generations were used. At the beginning of the study, a new flock was formed from available hatching eggs. Hatching eggs were gathered at 3 different ages (8 to 10 weeks, 16 to 18 weeks and 22 to 24 weeks of age) from the laying period in this flock. These eggs were exposed to 5 different incubation temperatures (36.7, 37.2, 37.7, 38.2, and 38.7°C). The hatching results were evaluated for each group. Chicks obtained from these temperature groups were reared separately to obtain quail for breeding. Eggs for incubation were gathered from these breeding quail when they were between 15 and 18 weeks of age. These eggs were placed in an incubator at a standard (37.7°C) temperature, separated by F(1)-generation temperature groups. The chicks in all groups were reared separately, and the sex of the chicks was determined at maturity. Statistical differences (P < 0.05) were found for the sex of the chicks in the third group (22 to 24 weeks) of the F(1) generation, compared with other groups. This result confirmed the hypothesis that different incubation temperatures for the first generation (at the embryo stage) might influence the sex of the next generation of chicks. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of incubation temperature on chicks from different perspectives.

A study was conducted to determine the effect of live weight of partridges on egg production and egg quality characteristics. A total of 144 Rock Partridges were divided into control, heavy, middle, and light BW groups at 32 wk of age. Live weights averaged 512.78 g for the control group, 576.18 g for the heavy group, 523.49 g for the middle group, and 473.83 g for the light group. Egg production rates of these groups were 41.44, 45.78, 32.38, and 24.67%, respectively, over an 8-wk period (P < 0.05). Live weight significantly affected egg weight, specific gravity, albumen index, shell weight, shell thickness, Haugh unit, and albumen weight (P < 0.05). Live weight did not affect the shape index, membrane weight, or yolk weight. As a result, the live weights of partridges used for breeding should not be under the average live weights of hens of the stock. On the other hand, other important factors that affect the egg quality of partridges should be investigated.

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In this study, stocking density and economic evaluation of partridge rearing was investigated. Experimental design was constructed as 576.9 cm(2)/chick (group I), 384.6 cm(2)/chick (group II), 288.5 cm(2)/chick (group III), and 230.8 cm(2)/chick (group IV). Live weights of the first, second, third, and fourth groups at 12 wk of age were determined as 376.46, 367.95, 371.07, and 358.80 g, respectively. Additive feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of the groups were determined as 1,781.74 g and 4.93, 1,805.13 g and 5.13, 1,830.51 g and 5.15, and 1,720.09 g and 5.02, respectively. Total mortality rates of the groups at the end of the feeding time were determined as 3.5, 3.75, 6.75, and 13.00%, respectively (P < 0.05). As a result, it was concluded that rearing in 288.5 cm(2)/chick was suitable according to live weights of partridges, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rates. Also, it was concluded that decreasing costs and increasing profitability in partridge rearing could be achieved.

Özet: Çalışma kaz, ördek ve hindi kanatlı hayvan türlerinin yumurtalarına ait dış kalite özellik değerlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalini Konya ilinde halk elinde yetiştirilen kaz, ördek ve hindilerden temin edilen toplam 440 adet kaz (n=117), (n=260) ördek ve hindi (n=63) yumurtası oluşturmuştur. Her bir yumurta bireysel olarak tartılmış olup yumurta boyu ve eni saptanmıştır. Ölçümle belirlenen bu üç değer kullanılarak matematiksel denklemler yardımıyla yumurta dış kalite özellik değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Yumurtaların şeklini tanımlamada şekil indeksi ve elongasyon değerleri kullanılmıştır. Kaz, ördek ve hindi yumurta kabuk özellikleri olarak kabuk ağırlığı (11.32 ve 11.23 g; 5.69 ve 5.71 g; 5.31 ve 5.33 g), kabuk kalınlığı (0.45 ve 0.48 mm; 0.35 ve 0.35 mm; 0.32 ve 0.34 mm) ve kabuk yoğunluğu (2.08 g/cm 3 ; 2.06 g/cm 3 ; 2.06 g/cm 3) sırasıyla belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca yumurta kabuk yüzey alanı ve yumurta kütlesi saptanmıştır. Kaz, ördek ve hindi yumurtalarına ait şekil indeksi ve elongasyon değerleri sırasıyla %68,13±0.39 ve 1.47±0.01, %71,76±0.19 ve 1.40±0.00, %72,53±0.32 ve 1.38±0,01 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta boyu ve eni baz alınarak bazı küçük beden yapısına sahip kanatlı hayvanların yumurta özellikleri için belirlenen matematiksel formüller yardımıyla kaz, ördek ve hindi kanatlı türlerinin yumurta dış kalite özellik değerleri hesaplanmıştır.