The multimetric Phytoplankton Index of Biological Integrity (P-IBI) was applied throughout Rostov on Don city (Russia) on 8 Locations in Don River from April – October 2019. The P-IBI is composed from seven metrics: Species Richness Index (SRI), Density of Phytoplankton and total biomass of phytoplankton and Relative Abundance (RA) for blue-green Algae, Green Algae, Bacillariophyceae and Euglenaphyceae Algae. The average P-IBI values fell within the range of (45.09-52.4). Therefore, water throughout the entire study area was characterized by the equally "poor" quality. Negative points of anthropogenic impact detected at the stations are: Above the city of Rostov-on-Don (1 km, higher duct Aksai) was 38.57 in June, the lower inflow of the Temernik river which was 38.57- 41.42 in summer and below the spillway was 38.57 -34.28 in August. At these stations, samples with P-IBI values more than 56, characterizing water quality as "Fair", were not found in any of the observations. The negative effect on the water at the stations may be due to the influence of the closely located Aksai city and the impact of the Temernik River. In Russia P-IBI have not been used yet, so this study can be considered as the first study that’s conducted to assess the environmental status of the Don River by using the phytoplankton index of Biological Integrity and has developed scoring criteria of the Don River (P-IBI) and other watercourses of the south of Russia. The continuous monitoring relaying on the selection of the most suitable metrics score is recommended.
The Don River is one of the largest rivers in the East European Plain. The right tributary of the Don River-the Temernik River-flows through the metropolis of Rostov-on-Don and affects the water quality of the main watercourse. This study was aimed at the assessment of the organic pollution and toxicity of water in two horizons (0.3 and 9.0 m) of the Don River downstream from its confluence with the Temernik River using the saprobic index S and biotesting. Observations were carried out for 7 months in 2019. The data on the quality of the Don River water have been obtained from the combined results of two biological methods for the first time. The dynamics of changes in the quality of the river water in the course of 7 months is presented. The samples for the investigation were collected сoncurrently. Comparison of the water quality in two horizons (surface and deep) of the river section based on the data obtained using two biological methods has been conducted for the first time. The saprobity results for the phytoplankton indicated the presence of organic water pollution at both levels of the Don River during all 7 months of the study. The saprobity index values ranged from 2.0 to 3.6. Water quality was characterized as ranging from moderately polluted to polluted. This corresponds to α-β-mesosaprobic level. The maximum level of organic pollution according to the saprobity index was recorded in September for both horizons. Saprobity increases with an increase in the proportion of blue-green algae in the phytocenosis. The relative abundance of blue-green algae ranged from 45.83 to 77.77 %. The surface horizon had higher organic pollution during the warm period (May-September), and for the deep horizon it was higher during the cold period (April, October, and November). The toxic effect of the river water was manifested in the inhibition of the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. Water toxicity over the investigated period (7 months) was inconsistent. In each season, it only appeared for one month. Water toxicity at the both horizons was recorded in spring (April), summer
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