ABSTRACT:The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is the species of greatest morphological diversity among mammals. Seventy-four Labrador Retriever dogs-27 males and 47 females -were used in this experiment. Thirty quantitative biometric characteristics, related to morphology were measured. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometric traits of the Labrador Retriever breed to establish descriptive biometric attributes that may show sexual dimorphism through principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). The PCA was processed using all the variables and performing a pre-selection of the most correlated variables. The DA was performed for the 30 variables and also for the five most correlated variables with the first component (CP1), in order to classify new individuals. The PCA was able to identify sexual dimorphism in size, with both the 30 original variables as with the preselected variables, the latter optimized the reduction to two principal components. The DA was able to discriminate the two populations, both for 30 variables as for the five variables most correlated with the CP1. The functions with five variables can be used to classify other purebred dogs for sex, with an error of about 6.75%.
Brazilian frog farming has a history of production that began in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 1935. Over the years, this activity has spread throughout Brazil, with technological advances that have improved the productivity and health of enterprises. However, structuring the production chain has presented moments of growth and decline, culminating in low production compared with other aquaculture activities. Despite efforts focused on restructuring the chain, data on enterprises and their actors remain scarce. To obtain information on the current scenario of frog farming in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in this study, an online survey of data on frog producers in Rio de Janeiro was conducted. In general, frog farming in Rio de Janeiro has not shown substantial improvements in terms of structuring. Its dynamics are still linked to lowproduction, family run enterprises, little insertion into the market, and not being formalized, encompassing aspects related to fiscal, environmental, and health issues. Therefore, the restructuring process of the frog chain in the state depends on overcoming the bottlenecks mentioned in this study. These predominantly refer to the availability of information on the relevant aspects of management and regularization of production.
O incentivo da piscicultura em comunidades tradicionais de difícil acesso pode ser uma alternativaviável para o desenvolvimento territorial sustentável, contribuindo com a segurança alimentar e a geração de renda dentro dessas localidades. O cultivo de tilápias Oreochromis niloticus em tanques escavados é uma atividade largamente difundida no Brasil, apresenta uma cadeia produtiva bem consolidada podendo ser viabilizada com um baixo grau tecnológico. Tendo em vista a demanda de representantes da Terra Indígena Bracuí pela inserção da piscicultura e a atuação do serviço de Assitência Técnica e Extensão Rural junto as comunidades tradicionais do Território Rural da Baía da Ilha Grande, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho zootécnico do cultivo de tilápias em tanques escavados realizado na comunidade. Ao longo de seis meses, foram monitorados dois tanques escavados de produção semi-intensiva (T1 e T2) povoados com alevinos apresentando peso médio inicial de 1,28 gramas. Após 183 dias de acompanhamento os exemplares cultivados atingiram peso médio de 258,2 ±129,0 gramas e 195,6 ±58,7 gramas nos tanques T1 e T2. De um modo geral, os peixes monitorados neste estudo apresentaram um crescimento inferior quando comparado a outras áreas de produção no Brasil. Fatores como a dificuldade de adequação ao protocolo de rotinas de manejo produtivo, a impossibilidade de fertilização prévia dos tanques, o início do cultivo realizado no inverno e a utilização de ração com baixo teor de proteínas durante a fase inicial de cultivo provavelmente influenciaram no lento crescimento dos peixes. A continuidade das ações de ATER se faz necessária para o aprimoramento do cultivo de tilápias pelos indígenas Guarani na Terra Indígena Bracuí.
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