Background It has been reported that living far from the peritoneal dialysis (PD) unit is a risk factor for peritonitis. Considering that PD units are urban located; the question of whether living in a rural area compared to an urban area is a risk factor for peritonitis has arisen. Methods From March 2010 to August 2020, 335 episodes of peritonitis in 202 PD patients followed in a single center were evaluated retrospectively. People living in areas with a population <1000 were defined as living in rural areas regardless of their distance from the PD center. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with peritonitis. Results A total of 202 PD patients were followed during 791 patient-years (mean follow-up of 3.9 years per patient). Total patients had 335 episodes of peritonitis and the rate of peritonitis was 0.42 episodes per year (episodes/patient-year). Cox regression analysis revealed that living environment (urban vs . rural) was not a risk factor for peritonitis ( p = 0.57). Conclusions In Turkey, we report that living in a rural area in our region is not a risk factor for peritonitis. It is not the right approach for both the physician and the patient to be reluctant in the choice of PD due to the concern of peritonitis in rural areas.

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Background The relationship between hypoalbuminemia in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and mortality, risk of peritonitis, and decreased residual renal function (RRF) is known. However, we have not encountered a comprehensive study on which of the mean albumin values, at the beginning of peritoneal dialysis, in the first year, and during the peritoneal dialysis period, provide more predictive predictions regarding mortality, peritonitis risk, and RRF reduction. Methods A total of 407 PD patients in whom PD was initiated and followed up and PD was terminated were included in the study. Albumin levels, peritonitis, and RRF at the beginning of PD and at 3-month periods during PD were recorded. Results In the evaluation of the patients, there was a significant relationship between mean, first-year albumin values in RRF loss ( p = 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively) and peritonitis ( p < 0.001), but no significant correlation was found with baseline albumin values ( p = 0.213, p = 0.137, respectively). In the comparison of mortality ROC analysis of PD patients, a significant correlation was found with mortality at baseline, first year, and mean albumin values ( p < 0.001). However, in the multivariate Cox regression analysis, it was determined that there was a more significant relationship between first-year albumin and mean albumin values compared to baseline albumin values (HR 0.918 [95% CI 0.302–0.528] ( p < 0.001)), (HR 1.161 [95% CI 0.229–0.429] ( p < 0.001)), (HR 0.081 [95% CI 0.718–1.184] ( p = 0.525)). Conclusions In conclusion, mean and first-year mean albumin levels provide more determinative predictions for mortality, risk of peritonitis, and maintenance of residual renal functions in peritoneal dialysis patients compared to baseline albumin.

Purpose: Evaluation of the inflammatory response after Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) during the non-attack period and determining whether there is a change in the ongoing inflammation during the non-attack period. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients, who have not been eradicated for Hp in the last 2 years, diagnosed with FMF, and evaluated in the non-attack period, were included in the study. Hp eradication therapy was administered to patients who were found to be Hp-positive. C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and serum amyloid A values were compared between the groups before and after eradication. Results: CRP and hs-CRP levels were found to be statistically higher in the FMF group than in the control group. A statistically significant decrease was found in the values of CRP and hs-CRP, in the number of patients with attacks, and in attack frequency after eradication in the Infected Patients compared to the values before eradication. Conclusions: We determined a decrease in CRP and hs-CRP values, the number of patients with attacks, and attack frequency with the eradication of Infected Patients. In patients with FMF, in whom it has been proven by different studies that the inflammation continues during the non-attack period, it may be recommended to investigate the presence of Hp infection, which is thought to contribute to this inflammation and to give Hp eradication therapy to patients who are found positive to reduce the development of secondary complications caused by chronic inflammation.

BackgroundUromodulin is a protein produced in kidney tubule cells and found in the urine. Uromodulin levels detected in serum and urine provide information about renal tubule functions and reserve. MethodsIn this study, in individuals with normal kidney functions; the short-term changes in uromodulin levels in both urine and serum were evaluated before and after contrast agent administration 86 patients were included in the study. Serum and urine uromodulin levels were measured before and 24 hours after contrast agent administration. ResultsAlthough there was no significant change in glomerulifiltration rate before and after contrast agent administration (98.7±17.5, 100.8±18.5, p=0.1, respectively), serum uromodulin values decreased significantly (43.4±17.6, 24.8±17.9, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). Urinary uromodulin levels increased significantly (670±175, 805±340, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). ConclusionsSerum uromodulin level can be a biomarker that can be followed in ischemic kidney injury or after administration of nephrotoxic agents. Urinary uromodulin levels can provide information about renal susceptibility to nephrotoxic agents.