Esmolol had an opioid-sparing effect in the intraoperative and immediate postoperative period in hypertensive patients undergoing laparoscopy. When combined with alfentanil, it was more effective than placebo in decreasing early PONV.

The effects of iloprost on ischemia-reperfusion injury have been studied on the skeletal, muscle, liver, myocardium, kidney, and spinal cord. However, no sufficient data exist about effects of levosimendan on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate and compare effectiveness of levosimendan and iloprost on renal injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. Fifty rabbits were divided into five groups. Levosimendan was continuously infused starting half an hour before the cross-clamp. Cross-clamp time was one hour. After one hour ischemia, levosimendan was continued for 4 h in Group A whereas Group B took iloprost in the same protocol. Group C was the control group which did not receive any medication. Group D was sham group and Group E was medicated both iloprost and levosimendan. Renal tissues were histologically and biochemically evaluated. The histological scores were obtained according to presence of tubular necrosis and atrophy, regenerative atypia, hydropic degeneration (Group A vs. Group C<0.001, Group B vs. Group C<0.001, Group D vs. Group C<0.01, Group E vs. Group C<0.001). Mean malondialdehyde levels were 114+/-12 nmol/g tissue; in Group A 121+/-13 nmol/g tissue, in Group B 134+/-13 nmol/g tissue, in Group E 130+/-11 nmol/g tissue, in Group D 134+/-11 nmol/g tissue (Group A vs. Group B; P=0.003, Group B vs. Group D; P=0.132, Group A vs. Group E; P=0.132). Malondialdehyde levels and histologic scores of all of the groups were significantly different from the control group. Iloprost and pentoxyfillin reduced renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit model. There was no significant difference between these two medications.

PONV was reduced when the fluid deficit was replaced preoperatively.

Malignant brain tumors during pregnancy are rare, and these patients seldom require immediate surgical intervention. A 27-year-old pregnant woman underwent emergency craniotomy. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous thiopental-fentanyl; it was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen and continuous intravenous remifentanil infusion. We used full stomach precautions but omitted succinylcholine for fear of increasing the intracranial pressure during induction of anesthesia. To detect fetal hypoxia and the effects of anesthesia on fetal hemodynamics, the fetal heart rate (FHR) was monitored using a fetal Doppler ultrasonography unit fixed to the mother's abdominal wall. Intraoperative and recovery periods were uneventful. Use of an isoflurane and remifentanil combination provided stable hemodynamics with adequate arterial blood pressure to avoid uterine hypoperfusion and fetal hypoxia. In this case, using FHR monitoring we found that craniotomy can be performed safely under isoflurane/remifentanil based-general anesthesia during the second trimester of pregnancy.

Since we demonstrated beneficial effects on spinal cord IR injury, we think that both HBO and IL, either alone or in combination, may be reasonable in the treatment of IR injury. Furthermore, there did not appear to be synergistic effects with combined treatment. More research is needed for practical application in humans, following thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.

The PM has a protective effect against I/R injury in rat lung.

Boyun cerrahisinde analjezi amaçlı yara yerinin lokal anestezik ile infiltrasyonu konusuna literatürde yeterince yer verilmemiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tiroid cerrahisi planlanan 60 hasta rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1'de insizyon öncesi Grup 2'de cerrahi bitiminde yara yerine %0.25'lik levobupivakain uygulandı. Hastalar postoperatif dönemde ağrı ve yan etkiler açısından 24 saat takip edildi. İntraoperatif ve postoperatif opioid tüketimi, ilk analjezik gereksinim zamanı kaydedildi. 24 saat sonunda hasta memnuniyeti değerlendirildi. Bulgular: İnsizyon öncesi lokal anestezik uygulanan grupta daha düşük ağrı skorları ve analjezik tüketimi, daha geç analjezik ihtiyacı ve daha iyi hasta memnuniyet sağlandı. Tartışma: Lokal anestezik infiltrasyonu tiroid cerrahisi sonrası ağrı tedavisi için güvenilir ve pratik bir yöntemdir. İnsizyon öncesi lokal anestezik ile yara yeri infiltrasyonu daha iyi sonuçlar vermektedir.

A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Angioneogenesis, which plays significant roles in a variety of physiological processes such as embryonic growth and wound healing, is strictly delimited and is finely tuned by a balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. This study was conducted to investigate the angioneogenic effect of interleukin-8 (IL-8) administered intramuscularly. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were included in this study. A total daily dose of 4 micrograms (1 mcg/kg) of IL-8 was administered into the left (Group A) and saline solution into the right (Group B) gluteus maximus muscles of 6 rabbits for 6 days. The remaining 6 rabbits constituted the sham group (Group C). Gluteal muscle samples were obtained from injection sites in all groups and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically by using streptavidin biotin method with CD31 antibody. Avidin-biotin peroxidase method (LSAB) was used as secondary and binding antibody. Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) was used as chromogenic substance. In immunohistochemical staining with CD31, vascular channels covered with brown stained cells or cell clusters were considered and were counted as vascular network. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Three subjects in Group A and one subject in Group B displayed findings of large muscle necrosis and regeneration. Vascular channel score was significantly higher in Group A (p=0.032) (Group A; median=12.5, min=6, max=16. Group B; median=5, min=4, max=13. Group C; median=4.5, min=4, max=13.) than in the other groups. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : IL-8 chemokine family seems to stimulate angioneogenesis in rabbit skeletal muscles. This result is promising in terms of the possible therapeutic potential of IL-8. Daily administration at a dose of around 1 mcg/kg caused local tissue necrosis, hence use of alternative routes such as intraarterial administration must be investigated to avoid such complications. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Angioneogenesis; interleukin-8; skeletal muscle Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Embriyonik büyüme ve yara iyileşmesi gibi bir dizi fizyolojik süreçte önemli rol oynayan anjiyogenez, proanjiyojenik ve antianjiyojenik faktörlerin birbirlerinden kesin çizgiler ile dengelenmesiyle ayrılmış ve hassas şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, intramusküler olarak uygulanan interlökin-8 (IL-8)'in anjiyoneogenetik etkisini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışmada on iki adet Yeni Zelanda cinsi beyaz tavşan kullanıldı. Altı gün boyunca altı tavşanın sol gluteusuna 1 mcg/kg'dan toplam 4 mikrogram IL-8 (Grup A), sağ gluteusuna serum fizyolojik (Grup B) enjeksiyonu uygulandı. Diğer altı tavşan kontrol grubu idi (Grup C). Enjeksiyon uygulanan bölgelerden alınan gluteal kas örnekleri, Hemotoksilen-Eozin ve Streptavidin-biotin yöntemi kullanılarak CD31 antikoru ile immünohistokimyasal olarak boyandı. Avidin-biotin peroksidaz metodu (LSAB) ikincil ve bağla...