Yarn residual torque or twist liveliness occurs when the twist is imparted to spin the fibers during yarn formation. It causes yarn snarling, which is an undesirable property and can lead the problems for further processes such as weaving and knitting. It affects the spirality of knitted fabrics and skewness of woven fabrics. Generally, yarn residual torque depends on yarn twist, yarn linear density, and fiber properties used. Composite yarns are widely produced to exploit two yarns with different properties such on optimum way at the same time and these yarns can be produced by wrapping sheath fibers around filament core fiber with a certain twist. In this study, the effect of filament fineness used as core component of composite yarn on residual torque was analyzed. Thus, the false twist textured polyester filament yarns with different filament fineness were used to produce composite yarns with different yarn count. The variance analysis was performed to determine the significance of twist liveliness of filament yarns and yarn count on yarn twist liveliness. Results showed that there is a statistically significant differences at significance level of α=0.05 between filament fineness and yarn residual torque of composite yarns.
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This study aims to develop and characterize more sustainable and ecological yarns as an alternative to 100% cotton in traditional denim fabric production by using hemp fiber. For this purpose, conventional ring, core-spun and dual core-spun yarns were spun from three blend proportions of organic cotton/hemp fibers as 100:0, 80:20 and 70:30 in percentages. Hemp and organic cotton were used as sheath fiber, and elastane type (Lycra and T400) – as core fiber in the yarn structures. According to the results, the sheath fiber type and blend ratio greatly influenced all yarns’ physical characteristics. Using hemp fiber in the yarn structure generally decreased the yarn properties, as expected. However, the best results by using hemp fiber in the yarn structures were achieved by using 20% hemp fiber in the sheath of the yarn structure. Further increasing this rate to 30% worsened the yarn properties considerably, regardless of the core component. When the yarns were evaluated in terms of sustainability and performance, 80/20% organic cotton/hemp blended yarns had the optimum yarn properties.
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